Osmotic Demyelinating Syndrome
G. R. Ramazanov,
E. V. Shevchenko,
E. A. Kovaleva,
I. G. Zhelev,
V. N. Stepanov,
S. Z. Shakhpazov,
K. V. Korigova,
S. S. Petrikov https://doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2020-9-1-159-166
Abstract
ABSTRACT. This article discusses the clinical cases of rare and difficult to diagnose brain damage — osmotic demyelinating syndrome (ODS). ODS is a lifethreatening condition, manifested by acute demyelination of the headbrain on the background of water-electrolyte disturbances,usually associated with fast management of hyponatremia. Within the framework of ODS, central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) and extra-pontine myelinolysis (EPM) are observed, which are accompanied by acute demyelination in the pons and white matter of the cerebral hemispheres, respectively. In 60%, CPM combine with EPM. The main reason for the development of ODS is a violation of water-electrolyte metabolism associated with alcohol abuse, chronic hepatic and/or renal failure, diabetes mellitus, Sheehan syndrome, polydipsia, condition after the removal of pituitary adenoma, bulimia, immunodeficiency syndrome. Today, the diagnosis of ODS is based on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. The article indicates the main causes of the disease, clinical features, methods of diagnosis and treatment, as well as the outcomes of the disease.
About the Authors
G. R. Ramazanov
Department for Patients with Acute Cerebrovascular Accident with Intensive Care Unit, N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Health Department
Russian Federation
Head of the Scientific
Russian Federation
Head of the Scientific
E. V. Shevchenko
Department for Patients with Acute Cerebrovascular Accident with Intensive Care Unit, N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Health Department
Russian Federation
Head of the Neurological
Russian Federation
Head of the Neurological
E. A. Kovaleva
Department for Patients with Acute Cerebrovascular Accident with Intensive Care Unit, N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Health Department
Russian Federation
Cand. Med. Sci., Neurologist, Neurological
Russian Federation
Cand. Med. Sci., Neurologist, Neurological
I. G. Zhelev
N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Health Department
Russian Federation
Head of the Department of X-ray Computed Tomography and Radioisotope Diagnostics
Russian Federation
Head of the Department of X-ray Computed Tomography and Radioisotope Diagnostics
V. N. Stepanov
N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Health Department
Russian Federation
Radiologist at the Radiosurgery Center
Russian Federation
Radiologist at the Radiosurgery Center
S. Z. Shakhpazov
Department for Patients with Acute Cerebrovascular Accident with Intensive Care Unit, N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Health Department
Russian Federation
Neurologist, Neurological
Russian Federation
Neurologist, Neurological
K. V. Korigova
Department for Patients with Acute Cerebrovascular Accident with Intensive Care Unit, N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Health Department
Russian Federation
Neurologist, Neurological
Russian Federation
Neurologist, Neurological
S. S. Petrikov
N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Health Department
Russian Federation
Director
Russian Federation
Director
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Review
For citations:
Ramazanov G.R., Shevchenko E.V., Kovaleva E.A., Zhelev I.G., Stepanov V.N., Shakhpazov S.Z., Korigova K.V., Petrikov S.S. Osmotic Demyelinating Syndrome. Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care". 2020;9(1):159-166. https://doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2020-9-1-159-166
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