Вывихи плеча

РЕЗЮМЕ. Вывихи плеча являются одной из самых распространенных травм и занимают первое место по частоте среди всех вывихов конечностей. В настоящее время сохраняется классический подход к лечению и диагностике данной патологии. После анестезии производят устранение вывиха, конечность иммобилизируют косыночной повязкой. На срок иммобилизации единого взгляда нет. Общепринятыми показаниями к оперативному лечению являются невправляемый, привычный и открытый вывих плеча. Предпочтение отдают операциям с восстановлением анатомии, тогда как в конце прошлого века часто применяли техники, ограничивающие амплитуду движений в плечевом суставе. В настоящее время нефизиологичные способы реконструкции не приветствуются, поскольку они нарушают нормальную биомеханику плечевого сустава и напрямую не влияют на патологический субстрат повреждений. Исходы после артроскопических вариантов операций не уступают таковым после открытых вмешательств. В данной статье представлен обзор клинических и рентгенологических методов обследования пациентов, вариантов лечения данной патологии.

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