Донаторы оксида азота в терапии сосудистого спазма и отсроченной ишемии мозга у больных с субарахноидальным кровоизлиянием

Вторичный сосудистый спазм вследствие нетравматического разрыва аневризм церебральных артерий является грозным осложнением, приводящим к серьезной инвалидизации пациентов, которые сталкиваются с данной патологией, а в 30–50% случаев приводит к смертельному исходу. Стандартная терапия, применяемая в ОРИТ, не имеет колоссального успеха в лечении данной патологии, что сподвигает ученых по всему миру к поиску новых препаратов, способных улучшить исход и повысить качество жизни пациентов. На данный момент самым перспективным нехирургическим методом лечения является использование препаратов, являющихся донаторами оксида азота в составе комплексной терапии. В современной медицине имеется несколько способов введения препаратов данной группы: внутривенно, внутриартериально, интратекально, интравентрикулярно и ингаляционно; способ зависит от типа применяемого препарата. Несмотря на перспективность использования данных лекарственных форм, имеется ряд негативных побочных эффектов, которые вследствие недостаточной изученности ограничивают широкое применение в стационарах. В данном обзоре собраны исследования, изучающие положительные и отрицательны стороны применения данных препаратов и целесообразность их использования.

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