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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9022</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23934/2223-9022-2019-8-4-423-429</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nmp-749</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности клинического течения и прогноз исходов тяжелой черепно-мозговой травмы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of the Clinical Course and Prognosis of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Outcomes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyeva</surname><given-names>Y. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильева Екатерина Борисовна, научный сотрудник отделения общей реанимации</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher of the Resuscitation Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vaskat17@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6789-8164</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Талыпов</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Talypov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, главный научный сотрудник клиники нейрохирургии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Med. Sci., Chief Researcher, Neurosurgery Clinic</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5026-0060</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синкин</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinkin</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший научный сотрудник отделения нейрохирургии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Researcher of the Laboratory of Electron Microscopy</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3292-8789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петриков</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrikov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор РАН, директор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor of RAS, Director</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>423</fpage><lpage>429</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Васильева Е.Б., Талыпов А.Э., Синкин М.В., Петриков С.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Васильева Е.Б., Талыпов А.Э., Синкин М.В., Петриков С.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vasilyeva Y.B., Talypov A.E., Sinkin M.V., Petrikov S.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/749">https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/749</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ</title><p>АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ. Черепно-мозговая травма (ЧМТ) — одна из важнейших проблем современного здравоохранения. По данным Всемирной организации здравоохранения, ЧМТ является одной из трех ведущих причин смертности населения в мире. Несмотря на развитие и широкое применения средств нейровизуализации, инструментальных методов исследования, приоритет отдается клинической диагностике ЧМТ. Она особенно актуальна на догоспитальном этапе, когда использовать инструментальные диагностические методы невозможно.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Определить особенности клинического течения и прогноз исхода лечения у пациентов с различными видами травматического повреждения мозга.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ. Проведен анализ обследования и лечения 100 пострадавших с тяжелой ЧМТ, госпитализированных в течение первых суток после получения травмы и проходивших лечение в НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского в 2008–2017 гг. В зависимости от вида повреждения мозга пациенты были разделены на три группы: 1-я группа — изолированные гематомы (n=20), 2-я группа — сочетание гематом и ушибов мозга (n=40), 3-я группа — ушибы мозга (n=40). Всем пациентам проводили неврологический осмотр, компьютерную томографию головного мозга при поступлении в стационар и в динамике в течение 12 суток после травмы. 30 пострадавшим проводили мониторинг внутричерепного давления.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Мы выявили особенности динамики отдельных неврологических симптомов у пострадавших с разными видами повреждения мозга. У больных с изолированными гематомами неврологический статус был представлен преимущественно клиникой дислокационного синдрома и контралатеральным гематоме гемипарезом, при этом клиническая картина статистически значимо зависит от объема внутричерепного кровоизлияния. У пострадавших с сочетанием гематом и ушибов неврологический статус и его динамика в меньшей степени зависят от объема гематомы и в основном определяются ушибами срединных структур мозга. У пациентов с ушибами мозга неврологический статус статистически значимо коррелирует с ушибами срединных структур.</p></sec><sec><title>ВЫВОД</title><p>ВЫВОД. Выявлены значимые отличия в неврологическом статусе, его изменениях в динамике и взаимосвязи с данными компьютерной томографии у пострадавших с различными видами травматического повреждения мозга.</p><p>Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most important contemporary health issues. According to the World Health Organization, TBI is one of three leading causes of death in the world. Despite the development and widespread use of neuroimaging tools and instrumental research methods, clinical diagnosis of TBI is preferred. It is especially relevant at the prehospital stage when it is impossible to use instrumental diagnostic methods.</p></sec><sec><title>THE AIM OF THE STUDY</title><p>THE AIM OF THE STUDY. To determine the clinical course features and prognosis of treatment outcomes in patients with various types of traumatic brain damage.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIAL AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIAL AND METHODS. We studied the results of examination and treatment of 100 victims with a severe head injury hospitalized during the first days after receiving an injury and undergoing treatment at the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute in 2008–2017. Depending on the type of brain injury patients were divided into 3 groups: Group 1 — isolated hematoma (n=20), Group 2 — hematomas and injuries of the brain (n=40), Group 3 — injuries of the brain (n=40). All patients underwent neurological examination, CT scan of the brain upon admission and over time within 12 days after trauma. In 30 victims, intracranial pressure (ICP) was monitored.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. We revealed features of the dynamics of individual neurological symptoms in patients with different types of brain damage. In patients with isolated hematomas, neurological status was represented mainly with clinic dislocation syndrome and contralateral hematoma hemiparesis, and clinical pattern significantly depended on intracranial hemorrhage. In patients with combination of hematomas and contusions, the neurological status and its dynamics were less dependent on the volume of the hematoma and were mainly determined by contusions of the midline structures of the brain. In patients with brain injuries, neurological status reliably correlated with injuries of midline structures.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION. We revealed significant differences in neurological status, its changes over time and correlation with CT findings in patients with different types of traumatic brain injury.</p><p>Authors declare lack of the conflicts of interests.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тяжелая черепно-мозговая травма</kwd><kwd>острая субдуральная гематома</kwd><kwd>острая эпидуральная гематома</kwd><kwd>ушиб головного мозга</kwd><kwd>травматическое внутричерепное кровоизлияние</kwd><kwd>неврологический осмотр</kwd><kwd>шкала комы Глазго</kwd><kwd>окулоцефалический рефлекс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>severe traumatic brain injury</kwd><kwd>acute subdural hematoma</kwd><kwd>acute epidural hematoma</kwd><kwd>brain contusion</kwd><kwd>traumatic intracranial hemorrhage</kwd><kwd>neurological examination</kwd><kwd>Glasgow Coma Scale</kwd><kwd>oculocephalic reflex</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fleminger S, Ponsford J. 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