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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9022</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23934/2223-9022-2019-8-4-418-422</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nmp-748</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ультразвуковая оценка маневра рекрутирования альвеол у пациентов с тяжелой пневмонией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ultrasonography in the Assessment of Lung Recruitment in Patients with Severe Pneumonia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6819-9691</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лахин</surname><given-names>Р. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lakhin</surname><given-names>R. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лахин Роман Евгеньевич, доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор кафедры военной анестезиологии и реаниматологии </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Med. Sci., Docent, Professor of the Department of Military Anesthesiology and Intensive Care</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doctor-lahin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1865-3838</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жирнова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhirnova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-анестезиолог-реаниматолог отделения анестезиологии-реанимации</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anesthesiologist of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5144-3360</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шустров</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shustrov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший ординатор отделения анестезиологии-реанимации клиники военной анестезиологии и реаниматологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Resident of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care of the Clinic of Military Anesthesiology and Resuscitation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5889-9934</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шульман</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shulman</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>начальник отделения анестезиологии-реанимации</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9863-4754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Емельянов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yemelyanov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ординатор отделения анестезиологии-реанимации клиники военной анестезиологии и реаниматологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care of the Clinic of Military Anesthesiology and Resuscitation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9587-766X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богомолов</surname><given-names>Б. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogomolov</surname><given-names>B. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор кафедры военной анестезиологии и реаниматологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Military Anesthesiology and Intensive Care</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова» МО РФ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет», Клиника высоких медицинских технологий им. Н.И. Пирогова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.I. Pirogov Clinic of high Medical Technologies of St. Petersburg State university<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГКУ «1602 Военный клинический госпиталь» МО РФ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">1602 Military Clinical hospital of Russian Federation Defense Ministry<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>418</fpage><lpage>422</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лахин Р.Е., Жирнова Е.А., Шустров В.В., Шульман С.Г., Емельянов А.А., Богомолов Б.Н., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лахин Р.Е., Жирнова Е.А., Шустров В.В., Шульман С.Г., Емельянов А.А., Богомолов Б.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lakhin R.Y., Zhirnova E.A., Shustrov V.V., Shulman S.G., Yemelyanov A.A., Bogomolov B.N.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/748">https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/748</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ</title><p>АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ. Ультразвуковое исследование существенно расширило возможности прикроватной диагностики у пациентов с дыхательной недостаточностью. С помощью ультразвука имеется возможность определения объема поражения легких в виде коллабированных альвеол и зон инфильтрации с сохранением воздушности легочной ткани.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Изучить возможность оценки маневра рекрутирования альвеол на основании изменения ультразвуковых признаков поражения легочной ткани.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ. Проспективное исследование выполнено в клинике анестезиологии и реаниматологии Военномедицинской академии им. С.М. Кирова. В исследование были включены 36 пациентов, которые находились на лечении в период с 2010 по 2017 г. с длительностью аппаратной респираторной поддержки не менее 48 часов; индексом оксигенации менее 300 мм рт.ст. Тридцати шести пациентам было выполнено 48 маневров рекрутирования альвеол по пошаговой методике под контролем динамической податливости и среднего значения дыхательного объема. При ультразвуковом сканировании определяли характер и объем поражения легочной ткани по признакам инфильтрации и консолидации.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. У обследуемых пациентов после проведения маневра рекрутирования альвеол статистически значимо выросли показатели оксигенации артериальной крови, индекс оксигенации, снизился уровень PaСO2 , улучшилась податливость легочной ткани, увеличился дыхательный объем. Все это свидетельствовало о мобилизации альвеол и улучшении вентиляции легких. Сонографическая оценка легочной ткани показала существенное уменьшение выраженности ультразвукового признака инфильтрации после проведения маневра рекрутирования с 46,5 (38; 57,5) до 37,5 (30,5; 49,5). Однако рекрутирование практически не оказало влияния на объем консолидированной зоны легочной ткани: общий индекс консолидации до (4 (3; 5)) и после (4 (3; 5)) маневра не имел статистически достоверных различий.</p></sec><sec><title>ВЫВОДЫ</title><p>ВЫВОДЫ. 1) Пораженная пневмонией консолидированная легочная ткань имеет низкий рекрутабельный потенциал и при увеличении положительного давления в конце выдоха объем консолидации не меняется. 2) После маневра рекрутирования уменьшается количество В-линий, свидетельствующих о снижении инфильтрации и увеличении воздушности легких.</p><p>Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND. Ultrasound study significantly expanded the possibilities of bedside diagnosis in patients with respiratory failure. Using ultrasound, it is possible to determine the volume of lung damage in the form of collapsed alveoli and infiltration areas with preserved airness of the lung tissue. AIM OF STuDY To study the possibility of assessing the recruitment maneuver of the alveoli based on changes in the ultrasound signs of lung tissue damage.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIAL AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIAL AND METHODS. A prospective study was performed in the Clinic of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation of S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy. The study included 36 patients who were treated in the period from 2010 to 2017 with a duration of respiratory support of at least 48 hours and oxygenation index less than 300 mmHg. For 36 patients, 48 alveoli recruitment maneuvers were performed according to a step-by-step method under the control of dynamic compliance and average tidal volume. Ultrasound determined the type and extent of destruction of lung tissue by signs of infiltration and consolidation.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. In the studied patients, after carrying out a maneuver of recruitment of the alveoli, arterial blood oxygenation indices increased statistically significantly, PaCO2 level decreased, pulmonary tissue compliance improved, respiratory volume grew. All this confirmed the mobilization of the alveoli and improved lung ventilation. Ultrasonographic evaluation of lung tissue showed a significant decrease in the severity of the ultrasound sign of infiltration after recruitment maneuver from 46.5 (38; 57.5) to 37.5 (30.5; 49.5). However, recruitment had practically no effect on the volume of the consolidated area of lung tissue: the general consolidation index before (4 (3; 5)) and after (4 (3; 5)) the maneuver had no statistically significant differences.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS. The pneumonia-affected consolidated lung tissue has a low recruitment potential and the volume of consolidation does not change with the growth of PEEP. After the recruitment maneuver, the number of B-lines decreases, indicating a decrease in infiltration and an increase in lung airness.</p><p>Authors declare lack of the conflicts of interests.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>маневр рекрутирования</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковое исследование легких</kwd><kwd>ПДКВ (положительное давление в конце выдоха)</kwd><kwd>консолидация</kwd><kwd>инфильтрация</kwd><kwd>пневмония</kwd><kwd>дыхательная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>ИВЛ (искусственная вентиляция легких)</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>recruitment maneuver</kwd><kwd>ultrasound of the lungs</kwd><kwd>PEEP</kwd><kwd>consolidation</kwd><kwd>infiltration</kwd><kwd>pneumonia</kwd><kwd>respiratory failure</kwd><kwd>ventilatory support</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Власенко А.В., Остапченко Д.А., Шестаков Д.А., Яковлев В.Н., Шабунин А.В. 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