nmpЖурнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"2223-90222541-8017“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”10.23934/2223-9022-2019-8-4-379-383nmp-743Research ArticleОБЩИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ НЕОТЛОЖНОЙ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ПОМОЩИCOMMON PROBLEMS OF EMERGENCY MEDICAL AIDК вопросу о создании единой учетной формы «протокол сердечно-легочной реанимации» для выездных бригад скорой медицинской помощиOn the Question Concerning the Creation of Unified Accounting Data Form “The Protocol of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation” for Mobile Teams of Emergency Medical Serviceshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2789-9760БиркунА. А.BirkunA. A.

Биркун Алексей Алексеевич, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анестезиологии-реаниматологии и скорой медицинской помощи 

Department of Anaesthesiology, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine

birkunalexei@gmail.comФГАОУ ВО «Крымский федеральный университет им. В.И. Вернадского», Медицинская академия им. С.И. ГеоргиевскогоРоссияV.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal university, Medical Academy named after S.I. GeorgievskyRussian Federation20191601202084379383Copyright © Биркун А.А., 20202020Биркун А.А.Birkun A.A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/743

Существенного уменьшения числа смертельных исходов при внегоспитальной остановке кровообращения (ВГОК) можно добиться за счет разработки и реализации комплексной программы административных преобразований, направленных на совершенствование оказания первой и скорой медицинской помощи. Вместе с тем ни определение приоритетных и обоснованных составляющих такой программы, ни оценка эффектов ее внедрения невозможны без надежных инструментов учета и анализа данных по эпидемиологии ВГОК и показателей функционирования системы догоспитальной помощи. В статье обсуждается вопрос разработки унифицированной учетной формы для сбора сведений о случаях проведения сердечно-легочной реанимации (СЛР) при ВГОК, рассмотрена перспективная форма протокола СЛР, рекомендованная профильной комиссией по специальности «Скорая медицинская помощь» Минздрава России, сформулированы предложения по оптимизации формы с учетом действующих международных рекомендаций по единообразному сообщению сведений о ВГОК.

Автор заявляет об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Significant decrease in death rates from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) can be achieved by developing and implementing an integrated program of administrative interventions focused on improvements in the provision of the first aid and emergency medical care. However, both identification of the foreground and reasonable components of the program, and evaluation of its efficiency are impossible in the absence of reliable tools for collecting and analyzing data on epidemiology of OHCA and performance of the prehospital care system. This paper discusses the development of unified form for collecting data on cases of OHCA with attempted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), addresses the promising data form “The protocol of CPR” that is recommended by the Specialized Board on Emergency Medical Care of the Ministry of Health of Russia, and offers a set of proposals for optimizing the form with consideration for the international guidelines for uniform reporting of data from OHCA.

Author declare lack of the conflicts of interests.

остановка кровообращенияостановка сердцасердечно-легочная реанимация (СЛР)протокол СЛРрегистрUtsteinпервая помощьскорая медицинская помощьэпидемиологияcirculatory arrestcardiac arrestcardiopulmonary resuscitationCPR protocolregistryUtsteinfirst aidemergency medical servicesepidemiologyReferencesБокерия О.Л., Биниашвили М.Б. Внезапная сердечная смерть и ишемическая болезнь сердца. Анналы аритмологии. 2013;10(2):69–78.Bockeria O.L., Biniashvili M.B. Sudden cardiac death and ischemic heart disease. Annals of Arrhythmology. 2013;10(2):69–78. (In Russ.)Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Blaha MJ, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2014 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2014;129(3):e28–e292. PMID: 24352519 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.0000441139.02102.80Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Blaha MJ, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics — 2014 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2014;129(3):e28–e292. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.0000441139.02102.80Gräsner JT, Lefering R, Koster RW, Masterson S, Böttiger BW, Herlitz J, et al. EuReCa ONE-27 Nations, ONE Europe, ONE Registry: A prospective one month analysis of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes in 27 countries in Europe. Resuscitation. 2016;105:188–195. PMID: 27321577 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.06.004Gräsner JT, Lefering R, Koster RW, Masterson S, Böttiger BW, Herlitz J, et al. EuReCa ONE-27 Nations, ONE Europe, ONE Registry: A prospective one month analysis of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes in 27 countries in Europe. Resuscitation. 2016;105:188–195. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.06.004Doctor NE, Ahmad NS, Pek PP, Yap S, Ong ME. The Pan-Asian Resuscitation Outcomes Study (PAROS) clinical research network: what, where, why and how. Singapore Med J. 2017;58(7):456–458. PMID: 28741005 https://doi.org/10.11622/smedj.2017057Doctor NE, Ahmad NS, Pek PP, Yap S, Ong ME. The Pan-Asian Resuscitation Outcomes Study (PAROS) clinical research network: what, where, why and how. Singapore Med J. 2017;58(7):456–458. https://doi.org/10.11622/smedj.2017057Eisenberg M, Lippert FK, Castren M, Moore F, Ong M, Rea T, et al. Acting on the Call. 2018 Update from the Global Resuscitation Alliance. Including 27 Case Reports. Available at: https://www.globalresuscitatio nalliance.org/wp-content/pdf/acting_on_the_call.pdf [Accessed 15 May, 2019].Eisenberg M, Lippert FK, Castren M, Moore F, Ong M, Rea T, et al. Acting on the call. Global Resuscitation Alliance, 2018. Available at: https://www. globalresuscitationalliance.org/wp-content/pdf/acting_on_the_call.pdf. (Accessed May 15, 2019)Cummins RO, Chamberlain DA, Abramson NS, Allen M, Baskett PJ, Becker L, et al. Recommended guidelines for uniform reporting of data from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: the Utstein Style. A statement for health professionals froma task force of the American Heart Association, the European Resuscitation Council, the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, and the Australian Resuscitation Council. Circulation. 1991;84(2):960–975. PMID: 1860248 https://doi.org/ 10.1161/01.cir.84.2.960Cummins RO, Chamberlain DA, Abramson NS, Allen M, Baskett PJ, Becker L, et al. Recommended guidelines for uniform reporting of data from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: the Utstein Style. A statement for health professionals froma task force of the American Heart Association, the European Resuscitation Council, the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, and the Australian Resuscitation Council. Circulation. 1991;84:960–975Perkins GD, Jacobs IG, Nadkarni VM, Berg RA, Bhanji F, Biarent D, et al. Cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation outcome reports: update of the Utstein Resuscitation Registry Templates for Out-ofHospital Cardiac Arrest: a statement for healthcare professionals from a task force of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (American Heart Association, European Resuscitation Council, Australian and New Zealand Council on Resuscitation, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, InterAmerican Heart Foundation, Resuscitation Council of Southern Africa, Resuscitation Council of Asia); and the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee and the Council on Cardiopulmonary, Critical Care, Perioperative and Resuscitation. Circulation. 2015;132(13):1286–1300. PMID: 25391522 https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000144Perkins GD, Jacobs IG, Nadkarni VM, Berg RA, Bhanji F, Biarent D, et al. Cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation outcome reports: update of the Utstein Resuscitation Registry Templates for Out-ofHospital Cardiac Arrest: a statement for healthcare professionals from a task force of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (American Heart Association, European Resuscitation Council, Australian and New Zealand Council on Resuscitation, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, InterAmerican Heart Foundation, Resuscitation Council of Southern Africa, Resuscitation Council of Asia); and the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee and the Council on Cardiopulmonary, Critical Care, Perioperative and Resuscitation. Circulation. 2015; 132(13):1286–1300. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000144Биркун А.А., Алтухов А.В. Регистр как основа эпидемиологического контроля и оптимизации помощи при внегоспитальной остановке кровообращения. Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь». 2018;7(3):234–243. https://doi. org/10.23934/2223-9022-2018-7-3-234-243Birkun АА, Altukhov AV. Registry as a basis for epidemiological surveillance and optimization of care in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Russian Sklifosovsky Journal Emergency Medical Care. 2018;7(3):234– 243. https://doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2018-7-3-234-243 (In Russ.).Лысенко К.И., Дежурный Л.И., Неудахин Г.В. Научный подход к созданию в Российской Федерации системы оказания первой помощи пострадавшим. Вестник РАМН. 2012;(3):10–14.Lysenko KI, Dezhyrny LI, Neydahin GV. Scientific approach to establishing system of providing first aid care in the Russian Federation. Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences. 2012;3:11–14. (In Russ.)Об утверждении статистического инструментария станции (отделения), больницы скорой медицинской помощи: приказ Министерства здравоохранения и социального развития РФ № 942 от 2 декабря 2009 г. URL: http://dokipedia.ru/document/1722406 [Дата обращения 15.05.2019].Ob utverzhdenii statisticheskogo instrumentariya stantsii (otdeleniya), bol’nitsy skoroy meditsinskoy pomoshchi: prikaz Ministerstva zdravookhraneniya i sotsial’nogo razvitiya RF dated 2 December 2009 г. No 942. Available at: http://dokipedia.ru/document/1722406. (Accessed May 15, 2019). (In Russ.)Шуматов В.Б., Кузнецов В.В., Лебедев С.В. Эффективная сердечно-легочная реанимация на догоспитальном этапе: основные элементы, опыт внедрения. Тихоокеанский медицинский журнал. 2006;(1):81–84.Shumatov VB, Kouznetsov VV, Lebedev SV. Effective cardio-pulmonary pesuscitation on pre-hospital stage: basic elements, experience of introduction. Pacific Medical Journal. 2006; 1: 81–84. (In Russ.)Плавунов Н.Ф., Пиковский В.Ю., Филимонов В.С., Давыдов П.А., Кулик А.И. Бланк протокола сердечно-легочной реанимации. Опыт разработки и внедрения на Станции скорой и неотложной медицинской помощи им. А.С. Пучкова города Москвы. Скорая медицинская помощь. 2018;19(4):4–9. https://doi.org/10.24884/2072-6716- 2018-19-4-4-9Plavunov NF, Pikovsky VJ, Filimonov VS, Davidov PA, Kulik AI. Protocol sheet for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Development and introduction at Moscow Ambulance Department. Emergency Medical Care. 2018;19(4): 4–9. (In Russ.).Протокол проведения заседания профильной комиссии по специальности «Скорая медицинская помощь» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Кисловодск, 19 октября 2017 г.). Скорая медицинская помощь. 2017;18(4):75–78.Protokol provedeniya zasedaniya profil’noy komissii po spetsial’nosti «Skoraya meditsinskaya pomoshch’» Ministerstva zdravookhraneniya Rossiyskoy Federatsii (19 October 2017, Kislovodsk). Emergency Medical Care. 2017;18(4):75–77. (In Russ.).Jacobs I, Nadkarni V, Bahr J, Berg RA, Billi JE, Bossaert L, et al. Cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation outcome reports: update and simplification of the Utstein templates for resuscitation registries. A statement for healthcare professionals from a task force of the international liaison committee on resuscitation (American Heart Association, European Resuscitation Council, Australian Resuscitation Council, New Zealand Resuscitation Council, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, InterAmerican Heart Foundation, Resuscitation Council of Southern Africa). Resuscitation. 2004;63(3):233–249. PMID: 15582757 https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2004.09.008Jacobs I, Nadkarni V, Bahr J, Berg RA, Billi JE, Bossaert L, et al. Cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation outcome reports: update and simplification of the Utstein templates for resuscitation registries. A statement for healthcare professionals from a task force of the international liaison committee on resuscitation (American Heart Association, European Resuscitation Council, Australian Resuscitation Council, New Zealand Resuscitation Council, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, InterAmerican Heart Foundation, Resuscitation Council of Southern Africa). Resuscitation. 2004; 63(3): 233–249.Link MS, Atkins DL, Passman RS, Halperin HR, Samson RA, White RD, et al. Part 6: electrical therapies: automated external defibrillators, defibrillation, cardioversion, and pacing: 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation. 2010; 122(18 Suppl 3): S706–719. PMID: 20956222 https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAH A.110.970954Link MS, Atkins DL, Passman RS, Halperin HR, Samson RA, White RD, et al. Part 6: electrical therapies: automated external defibrillators, defibrillation, cardioversion, and pacing: 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation. 2010; 122: S706–719. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.970954.Holmberg M, Holmberg S, Herlitz J. Effect of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients in Sweden. Resuscitation. 2000;47:59-70. PMID: 11004382 https://doi.org/10.1016/ s0300-9572(00)00199-4Holmberg M, Holmberg S, Herlitz J. Effect of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients in Sweden. Resuscitation. 2000;47:59–70.Биркун А.А., Глотов М.А. Эпидемиологические показатели внегоспитальной остановки кровообращения на примере отдельно взятого административного центра Российской Федерации. Анестезиология и реаниматология. 2017;2(62):113–117. https://doi. org/10.18821/0201-7563-2017-62-2-113-117Birkun АА, Glotov МА. Epidemiological features of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: evidence from particular administrative centre in Russian Federation. Russian Journal of Anаеsthesiology and Reanimatology. 2017;2(62):113–117. (In Russ.).Биркун А.А., Косова Е.А. Общественное мнение по вопросам обучения населения основам сердечно-легочной реанимации: опрос жителей Крымского полуострова. Журнал им. Н. В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь». 2018;7(4):311–318. https://doi. org/10.23934/2223-9022-2018-7-4-311-318Birkun AA, Kosova YA. Public opinion on community basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation training: a survey of inhabitants of the crimean peninsula. Russian Sklifosovsky Journal Emergency Medical Care. 2018;7(4):311–318. https://doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2018-7-4-311- 318. (In Russ.).Дежурный Л.И., Журавлёв С.В. Обучение правилам оказания первой помощи. Управление деятельностью по обеспечению безопасности дорожного движения: состояние, проблемы, пути совершенствования. 2018;1(1):147–155.Dezhurny LI, Zhuravlyov SV. Training for first aid measures. Upravlenie deyatel’nost’yu po obespecheniyu bezopasnosti dorozhnogo dvizheniya: sostoyanie, problemy, puti sovershenstvovaniya. 2018;1(1):147–155.Биркун А.А., Дежурный Л.И. Диспетчерское сопровождение при угрозе внегоспитальной остановки кровообращения. Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь». 2019;8(1):60–67. https://doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2019-8-1-60-67Birkun АА, Dezhurny LI. Dispatcher assistance in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: approaches for diagnosing cardiac arrest by telephone. Russian Sklifosovsky Journal of Emergency Medical Care. 2019;8(1):60–67. https://doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2019-8-1-60-67 (In Russ.).Nolan JP, Soar J, Cariou A, Cronberg T, Moulaert VR, Deakin CD, et al. European Resuscitation Council and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine Guidelines for Post-resuscitation Care 2015: Section 5 of the European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015. Resuscitation. 2015;95:202–222. PMID: 26477702 https://doi. org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2015.07.018.Nolan JP, Soar J, Cariou A, Cronberg T, Moulaert VR, Deakin CD, et al. European Resuscitation Council and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine Guidelines for Post-resuscitation Care 2015: Section 5 of the European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015. Resuscitation. 2015;95:202–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation. 2015.07.018.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.