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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9022</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23934/2223-9022-2018-7-4-325-334</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nmp-533</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Определение валидности шкалы дыхательных нарушений у пациентов с острым поражением нервной системы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Respiratory Insufficiency Scale Validity in Patients with Acute Neural Lesion</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0368-3914</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назаренко</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarenko</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Назаренко Михаил Борисович - врач анестезиолог-реаниматолог, заведующий отделением реанимации № 33 «ГБУЗ ГКБ им. С.П. Боткина ДЗМ», ассистент кафедры анестезиологии-реанимации и интенсивной терапии ИППО ФМБА России.</p><p>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, д. 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nazarenko Mikhail Borisovich - Anesthesiologist, Head of the Resuscitation Department, S.P. Botkin CCH MHD, Assistant of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation  MBUICE.</p><p>5 2-Botkinsky Pr., Moscow 125284</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sortplant@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2667-6477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселев</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiselyov</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Киселев Кирилл Владимирович - ассистент кафедры медицинской кибернетики и информатики.</p><p>117997 Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kiselyov Kirill Vladimirovich - Assistant of the Department of Medical Cybernetics and Informational Technology.</p><p>1 Ostrovitianova St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5318-338X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щедрина</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchedrina</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щедрина Елена Игоревна - врач анестезиолог-реаниматолог отделения реанимации.</p><p>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, д. 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shchedrina Elena Igorevna - Anesthesiologist of the Resuscitation Department no. 33.</p><p>5 2-Botkinsky Pr., Moscow 125284</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9394-0402</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калмыков</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalmykov</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калмыков Алим Биляльевич - врач анестезиолог-реаниматолог отделения реанимации №33.</p><p>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, д. 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kalmykov Alim Bilyalyevich - Anesthesiologist of the Resuscitation Department no. 33.</p><p>5 2-Botkinsky Pr., Moscow 125284</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5011-6288</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кругляков</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kruglyakov</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кругляков Николай Михайлович - врач анестезиолог-реаниматолог.</p><p>123098 Москва, ул. Маршала Новикова, д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kruglyakov Nikolay Michaylovich - Anesthesiologist.</p><p>Marshala Novikova St., Moscow 123098</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2370-170X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паринов</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parinov</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Паринов Олег Викторович - заместитель главного врача по терапии.</p><p>123098 Москва, ул. Маршала Новикова, д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Parinov Oleg Viktorovich - Deputy Chief Physician for Therapy.</p><p>Marshala Novikova St., Moscow 123098</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9739-8478</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Удалов</surname><given-names>Ю. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Udalov</surname><given-names>Y. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Удалов Юрий Дмитриевич - заместитель генерального директора по медицинской части.</p><p>123098 Москва, ул. Маршала Новикова, д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Udalov Yuri Dmitrievich - Deputy General Director for Medicine.</p><p>Marshala Novikova St., Moscow 123098</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9816-3614</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Забелин</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zabelin</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Забелин Максим Васильевич - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заместитель руководителя.</p><p>123098 Москва, ул. Маршала Новикова, д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zabelin Maxim Vasilyevich - Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Deputy Head.</p><p>Marshala Novikova St., Moscow 123098</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9241-7238</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самойлов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samoylov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самойлов Александр Сергеевич - доктор медицинских наук, генеральный директор.</p><p>123098 Москва, ул. Маршала Новикова, д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Samoylov Aleksandr Sergeevich - Dr. Med. Sci., General Director.</p><p>Marshala Novikova St., Moscow 123098</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6240-820X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попугаев</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popugayev</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попугаев Константин Александрович - доктор медицинских наук, главный внештатный анестезиолог-реаниматолог ФМБА России, руководитель центра анестезиологии-реанимации и интенсивной терапии, заведующий отделением анестезиологии и реанимации № 2.</p><p>123098 Москва, ул. Маршала Новикова, д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Popugayev Konstantin Aleksandrovich - Dr. Med. Sci., Chief Externe Anesthesiologist of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, Head of the Center of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Head of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation no. 2 of the A.I. Burnazian SMC FMBAR.</p><p>Marshala Novikova St., Moscow 123098</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ Москвы ГКБ имени С.П. Боткина ДЗМ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">S.P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Health Department<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «РНИМУ имени Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry oh Healthcare of Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «ГНЦ – ФМБЦ имени А.И. Бурназяна» ФМБА России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">A.I. Burnazian State Medical Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>01</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>325</fpage><lpage>334</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Назаренко М.Б., Киселев К.В., Щедрина Е.И., Калмыков А.Б., Кругляков Н.М., Паринов О.В., Удалов Ю.Д., Забелин М.В., Самойлов А.С., Попугаев К.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Назаренко М.Б., Киселев К.В., Щедрина Е.И., Калмыков А.Б., Кругляков Н.М., Паринов О.В., Удалов Ю.Д., Забелин М.В., Самойлов А.С., Попугаев К.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nazarenko M.B., Kiselyov K.V., Shchedrina E.I., Kalmykov A.B., Kruglyakov N.M., Parinov O.V., Udalov Y.D., Zabelin M.V., Samoylov A.S., Popugayev K.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/533">https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/533</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Исследовать валидность шкалы дыхательных нарушений (ШДН) у пациентов с острым повреждением нервной системы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В проспективное обсервационное исследование включили нейрореанимационных пациентов (n=179), поступавших в отделение реанимации и интенсивной терапии (ОРИТ) c сохраненным самостоятельным дыханием с оценкой по ШДН, равной 1 и более балла. Пациентов оценивали по ШДН каждые 12 ч до момента интубации трахеи или до перевода из ОРИТ в профильное отделение. Оценка пациента по ШДН не влияла на принятие решения лечащим врачом об интубации трахеи. Ведение пациентов осуществляли в соответствии с национальными и международными рекомендациями. Пациентов разделили на 3 группы в зависимости от степени необходимости произвести интубацию трахеи и искусственную вентиляцию легких (ИВЛ). В группе I (n=65) — 0% интубации трахеи и ИВЛ; в группе II (n=54) — 42,6% интубации трахеи и ИВЛ; в группе III (n=60) — 100% интубации трахеи и ИВЛ. Статистический анализ проводили с применением методик Шапиро–Уилка, тестов Манна–Уитни, Крускала–Уоллиса, критерия согласия Пирсона Хи-квадрат (χ2). ROC-анализ был проведен для определения чувствительности и специфичности ШДН-шкалы.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При оценке по ШДН, равной 1–2 балла, пациенты не нуждаются в интубации трахеи и ИВЛ, при сумме 5 и более баллов необходима незамедлительная интубация трахеи и ИВЛ, при сумме 3– 4 балла необходимость в ИВЛ непредсказуема. При сохраняющейся в течение нескольких часов оценке по ШДН, равной 4 баллам, или при ее увеличении с 3 баллов до 4 необходимы интубация трахеи и начало ИВЛ.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У пациентов с острым поражением нервной системы применение оценки дыхательных нарушений по ШДН позволяет объективизировать показания для интубации трахеи и начала ИВЛ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The aim of study</title><p>The aim of study: to investigate validity of respiratory insufficiency scale (RIS) in patients with acute lesions of nervous system.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The prospective observational study included neurocritical care patients (n=179), admitted to the resuscitation and intensive care unit with independent breathing and RIS score 1 and higher. Patients were assessed according to RIS every 12 hours during the the period of RICU stay until the beginning of artificial lung ventilation or transfer to a specialized department. The RIS score did not influence the physician's decision upon intubation. The treatment was performed in accordance with national and international recommendations.</p><p>Depending on the tracheal intubation and ALV, patients were divided into 3 groups. Group I (n=65): 0% tracheal intubation and ALV; Group II (n =54): 42,6% cases of intubation and ALV; Group III (n=60): 100% patients requiring intubation and ALV.</p><p>The statistical analysis was performed using Shapiro—Wilk test, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal—Wallis test, Chi-squared test. The ROC analysis was carried out to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the RIS scale.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Patients with RIS score 1 — 2 did not require intubation and ALV. Patients with RIS 5 or more required urgent intubation and ALV. In patients with RIS score 3—4 the need for intubation and ALV was unpredictable. If RIS score 4 was sustainig during several hours, or if increased from 3 to 4, a patient required intubation and initiation of ALV.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. RIS helps objectify indications for intubation and ALV in patients with acute neural lesions.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>шкала дыхательных нарушений</kwd><kwd>интубация трахеи</kwd><kwd>ИВЛ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>respiratory insufficiency scale</kwd><kwd>intubation</kwd><kwd>artificial lung ventilation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marino P.L. The ICU Book. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Walters Kluwer Health/ Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins, 2014: 391–465.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marino P.L. The ICUBook. 4th ed. 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