<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9022</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23934/2223-9022-2018-7-3-253-259</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nmp-507</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАКТИКА ОКАЗАНИЯ НЕОТЛОЖНОЙ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRACTICE OF EMERGENCY MEDICAL CARE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Массивные акушерские кровотечения при предлежании и врастании плаценты: взгляд трансфузиолога</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Massive Hemorrhages in Pregnant Women with Placenta Previa and Accreta: a Transfusiologist’s View</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6714-6344</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fyodorova</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федорова Татьяна Анатольевна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела трансфузиологии и экстракорпоральной гемокоррекции.</p><p>117485 Москва, ул. Акад. Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fyodorova Tatyana Anatolyevna - Dr. Med. Sci., Prof., Head of the Department of Tranfusiology and Extracorporeal Hemocorrection.</p><p>Acad. Oparina Street, 4, Moscow 117485</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t_fyodorova@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4332-430X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогачевский</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogachevsky</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рогачевский Олег Владимирович - доктор медицинских наук, заведующий отделением экстракорпоральных методов лечения и детоксикации.</p><p>117485 Москва, ул. Акад. Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rogachevsky Oleg Vladimirovich - Dr. Med. Sci., Head of the Department of Extracorporeal Methods of Treatment and Detoxication.</p><p>Acad. Oparina Street, 4, Moscow 117485</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6926-8414</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стрельникова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Strelnikova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стрельникова Елена Владимировна - кандидат медицинских наук, врач отделения экстракорпоральных методов лечения и детоксикации.</p><p>117485 Москва, ул. Акад. Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Strelnikova Elena Vladimirovna - Cand. Med. Sci., Physician of the Department of Extracorporeal Methods of Treatment and Detoxication.</p><p>Acad. Oparina Street, 4, Moscow 117485</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5751-557X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Королев</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korolyov</surname><given-names>A. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Королев Алексей Юрьевич - врач отделения анестезиологии и реанимации.</p><p>117485 Москва, ул. Акад. Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Korolyov Aleksey Yuryevich - Physician of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation.</p><p>Acad. Oparina Street, 4, Moscow 117485</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-2256</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виницкий</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinitsky</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виницкий Александр Анатольевич – аспирант.</p><p>117485 Москва, ул. Акад. Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vinnitsky Aleksandr Anatolyevich - post-graduate research student.</p><p>Acad. Oparina Street, 4, Moscow 117485</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. акад. В.И. Кулакова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>11</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>253</fpage><lpage>259</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Федорова Т.А., Рогачевский О.В., Стрельникова Е.В., Королев А.Ю., Виницкий А.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Федорова Т.А., Рогачевский О.В., Стрельникова Е.В., Королев А.Ю., Виницкий А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fyodorova T.A., Rogachevsky O.V., Strelnikova A.V., Korolyov A.Y., Vinitsky A.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/507">https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/507</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель Оценка инфузионно-трансфузионного сопровождения при операции кесарева сечения у беременных с предлежанием и врастанием плаценты в реализации органосохраняющей тактики оперативного лечения.</p><p>Материал и методы Группу исследования составили 15 пациенток с предлежанием и врастанием плаценты. Сроки родоразрешения составили 32–36 нед. Использовались клинические, лабораторные и специальные методы исследования. Проведен анализ течения беременности, объемов кровотечения, инфузионно-трансфузионной терапии, показателей системы гемостаза и гемограммы.</p><p>Результаты Средний возраст беременных составил 33,8±4,3 года. Всем беременным произведено донное кесарево сечение. Органосохраняющая операция (метропластика) проведена 12 женщинам (80%), гистерэктомия — 3 пациенткам (20%). Объем интраоперационной кровопотери в среднем составил 2471,42±1528,53 мл. Объем кристаллоидных растворов: стерофундина — 1361,53±1052,40, других растворов — 688,4± 123,5 мл. Из коллоидных растворов 80% пациенток введены: гелофузин в среднем 969,66±351,86 мл, гелоплазма в среднем 620,8±124,8 мл. Объем растворов гидроксиэтилкрахмала 6% 130/04 в среднем составил 744,4± 120,45 мл. 60% женщин перелита свежезамороженная плазма в объеме 1526,7±762,83, доза транексамовой кислоты в среднем составила 2,6±0,84 г. Фактор rFVIIa (Коагил VII) вводили трем пациенткам из расчета 90 мкг/кг. Трем пациенткам вводили концентрат протромбинового комплекса 1200 ЕД. Объем реинфузируемых аутоэритроцитов в среднем составил 793,7±424,17 мл. Объем инфузии донорских эритроцитов во время операции составил 775,1±120,2 мл.</p><p>Заключение Беременные с предлежанием и врастанием плаценты  представляют группу высокого риска по развитию массивного коагулопатического кровотечения и послеоперационных осложнений. Эти пациентки должны быть родоразрешены в плановом порядке в учреждениях третьего уровня оказания акушерской помощи. Значимое место в вопросе реализации органосохраняющей тактики при врастании плаценты занимает адекватное, своевременное инфузионное и трансфузионное обеспечение оперативного вмешательства при данной патологии с использованием современных кровесберегающих технологий, переливанием достаточных объемов компонентов крови, ингибиторов фибринолиза, факторов коагуляции, современных сбалансированных кристаллоидных и коллоидных растворов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abstract The aim of this study was to estimate volumes of blood loss and infusion and transfusion therapy during Cesarean section in pregnant women with placenta previa and accreta.</p><p>Material and methods Тhe study group consisted of 15 patients with placenta previa and accreta. The delivery period was 32–36 weeks. We used clinical and laboratory techniques and special methods of investigation. The analysis of pregnancy course, bleeding volumes, infusion and transfusion therapy, hemostasis system parameters and hemogram was carried out.</p><p>Results Тhe mean age of pregnant women was 33.8±4.3 years. All pregnant women underwent fundal Cesarean section. In 80% of women, we performed Cesarean section and metroplasty. In 20% of women, Cesarean section and hysterectomy were performed. The volume of intraoperative blood loss ranged from 750 ml to 6,000 ml and averaged 2,471.4±1,528.5 ml. The volumes of crystalloid solutions were 1,361.53±1,052.40 of Sterofundin, and 688.4±123.5 ml of other solutions. In 80% of patients, Gelofusine was administered (969.66±351.86 ml on the average), as well as Geloplasma (620.8±124.8 ml on the average). The volume of HES solutions 6% 130/04 was 744.4±120.45 ml on the average. FFP in the amount of 1,526.7±762.83 ml was transfused to 60% of women. The mean dose of tranexamic acid was 2.6±0.84 g. The factor rFVIIa was administered in three patients in the dose of 90 mcg/kg. Prothrombin complex concentrate 1200 IU was administered in three patients. The volume of reinfused autoerythrocytes was 793.7±424.17 ml on the average. The volume of donor red blood cells during the operation amounted to 775.12±120.2 ml.</p><p>Conclusion Pregnant patients with placenta previa and accrete represent a high-risk group for the development of massive coagulopathic bleeding and postoperative complications. These patients should deliver on a routine basis at the high-tech institutions of obstetric care. The adequate, timely infusion and transfusion maintenance of surgical intervention with this pathology, using modern blood-saving technologies, transfusion of sufficient volumes of blood components, inhibitors of fibrinolysis, coagulation factors, modern balanced crystalloid and colloidal solutions plays a important role in implementation of organpreserving tactics.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>предлежание и врастание плаценты</kwd><kwd>массивное кровотечение</kwd><kwd>инфузионно-трансфузионная терапия</kwd><kwd>кровосберегающие технологии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>placenta previa and accreta</kwd><kwd>massive hemorrhage</kwd><kwd>infusion and transfusion therapy</kwd><kwd>blood safety technologies</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Say L., Chou D., Gemmill A., et al. Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2014; 2(6): e323-333. PMID: 25103301. DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(14)70227-X.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Say L., Chou D., Gemmill A., et al. Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2014; 2(6): e323–333. PMID: 25103301. DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(14)70227-X.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сурина М.Н., Артымук Н.В., Марочко Т.Ю., Зеленина Е.М. Погибшие и «едва не погибшие» женщины от акушерских кровотечений: социально-гигиенические и клинико-анамнестические особенности. Мать и дитя в Кузбассе. 2014; (2): 137–141.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Surina M.N., Artymuk N.V., Marochko T.YU., Zelenina E.M. Dead and “near miss” women from obstetric hemorrhage: a socio-hygienic and clinic-anamnestic features. Mat’ i ditya v Kuzbasse. 2014; (2): 137–141. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Основные показатели здоровья матери и ребенка, деятельность службы охраны детства и родовспоможения в Российской Федерации. М.: ФГБУ «ЦНИИОИЗ» Минздрава РФ, 2017. 168 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The main indicators of health of mother and the child, activity of service of protection of the childhood and obstetric care in the Russian Federation. Moscow: FGBU “TSNIIOIZ” Minzdrava RF Publ., 2017. 168 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Курцер М.А., Бреслав И.Ю., Лукашина М.В. и др. Истинное врастание плаценты (placenta accreta). Консервативная терапия. Акушерство и гинекология. 2011; (4): 118–122.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurtser M.A., Breslav I.YU., Lukashina M.V, et al. True placenta accreta: medical treatment. Akusherstvo i ginekologiya. 2011; (4): 118–122. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Silver R.V., Landon M.B., Rouse D.J., et al. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network. Maternal morbidity associated with multiple repeat cesarean deliveries. Obstet. Gynecol. 2006; 107(6): 1226–1232. PMID: 16738145. DOI: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000219750.79480.84.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Silver R.V., Landon M.B., Rouse D.J., et al. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network. Maternal morbidity associated with multiple repeat cesarean deliveries. Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 107(6): 1226–1232. PMID: 16738145. DOI: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000219750.79480.84.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Интраоперационная реинфузия аутологичных эритроцитов при абдоминальном родоразрешении. Медицинская технология, регистр. №2009/329) Москва, 2009, 12 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Intraoperative reinfusion of autologous red blood cells in abdominal delivery. Federal clinical guidelines. Moscow, 2013. 17p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blomberg M. Maternal obesity and risk of postpartum hemorrhage. Obstet Gynecol. 2011; 118(3): 561–568. PMID: 21860284. DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31822a6c59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blomberg M. Maternal obesity and risk of postpartum hemorrhage. Obstet Gynecol. 2011; 118(3): 561–568. PMID: 21860284. DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31822a6c59.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Romundstad L.B., Romundstad P.R., Sunde A., et al. Increased risk of placenta previa in pregnancies following IVF/ICSI; a comparison of ART and non-ART pregnancies in the same mother. Hum. Reprod. 2006; 21(9): 2353-2358. PMID: 16728419. DOI: 10.1093/humrep/del153.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Romundstad L.B., Romundstad P.R., Sunde A., et al. Increased risk of placenta previa in pregnancies following IVF/ICSI; a comparison of ART and non-ART pregnancies in the same mother. Hum Reprod. 2006; 21(9): 2353–2358. PMID: 16728419. DOI: 10.1093/humrep/del153.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гурьянов В.А., Пырегов А.В., Гельфанд Б.Р., Куликов А.В. Анестезия в акушерстве. В кн.: Бунятян А.А., Мизиков В.М. (ред.). Анестезиология. Национальное руководство. Краткое издание. М.: ГЭОТАРМедиа, 2015: 444–464.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gur’yanov V.A., Pyregov A.V., Gel’fand B.R., Kulikov A.V. Anesthesia in obstetrics. In: Bunyatyan A.A., Mizikov V.M., eds. Anesthesiology. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media Publ., 2015: 444–464 p. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Об утверждении правил клинического использования донорской крови и ее компонентов. Приказ МЗ РФ № 183н от 2.04.2013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">About the approval of rules of clinical use of donor blood and its components. Ministry of health order No. 183н from 2.04.2013. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Профилактика, лечение и алгоритм ведения при акушерских кровотечениях: Клинический протокол МЗ РФ № 15-4/10/2-3881 от 29.05.2014.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prevention, treatment and care algorithm for obstetric hemorrhage Clinical protocols of MH RF No. 15-4/10/2-3881from 29.05.2014. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kozek-Langenecker S.A., Achmed A.B., Afshari A., et al. Management of severe perioperative bleeding. Guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology : First update 2016. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2017; 34(6): 332–395. PMID: 28459785. DOI: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000000630.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kozek-Langenecker S.A., Achmed A.B., Afshari A., et al. Management of severe perioperative bleeding. Guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology: First update 2016. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2017; 34(6): 332–395. PMID: 28459785. DOI: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000000630.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shamshirsaz A.A., Fox K.A., Salmanian B., et al. Maternal morbidity in patients with morbidly adherent placenta treated with and without a standardized multidisciplinary approach. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015; 212(2): 218.e1–218.e9. PMID: 25173187. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.08.019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shamshirsaz A.A., Fox K.A., Salmanian B., et al. Maternal morbidity in patients with morbidly adherent placenta treated with and without a standardized multidisciplinary approach. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015; 212(2): 218.e1–218.e9. PMID: 25173187. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.08.019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">British Consensus Guidelines on Intravenous Fluid Therapy for Adult Surgical Patients. URL: https://www.bapen.org.uk/pdfs/bapen_pubs/ giftasup.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">British Consensus Guidelines on Intravenous Fluid Therapy for Adult Surgical Patients. Available at:  https://www.bapen.org.uk/pdfs/bapen_pubs/giftasup.pdf (Accessed 28 August 2018).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van der Linden Ph. Editorial: the hydroxyethyl starches story - more than 30 years of research in the field of volume replacement. Transfus. Altern. Transfus. Med. 2007; 9(3): 150–151.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van der Linden Ph. Editorial: the hydroxyethyl starches story – more than 30 years of research in the field of volume replacement. Transfus Altern Transfus Med. 2007; 9(3): 150–151.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Raiman M., Mitchell C.G., Biccard B.M., Rodseth R.N. Сomparison of hydroxyethyl starch colloids with crystalloids for surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Anaest. 2016; 33(1): 42–48. PMID: 26351826. DOI: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000000328.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Raiman M., Mitchell C.G., Biccard B.M., Rodseth R.N. Сomparison of hydroxyethyl starch colloids with crystalloids for surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Anaest. 2016; 33(1): 42–48. PMID: 26351826. DOI: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000000328.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marx G., Schindler A.W., Mosch C., et al. Intravascular volume therapy in adults: Guidelines from the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany. Eur. J. Anaesthesiol. 2016; 33(7): 488–521. PMID: 2704393. DOI: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000000447.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marx G., Schindler A.W., Mosch C., et al. Intravascular volume therapy in adults: Guidelines from the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2016; 33(7): 488–521. PMID: 2704393. DOI: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000000447.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васильченко А.Н., Смирнов В.М. Кровесберегающие технологии в онкологии: опыт применения концентрата протромбинового комплекса при массивной кровопотере. Медицинские новости. 2013; (9): 51–54.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vasil’chenko A.N., Smirnov V.M. Blood-saving technologies in oncology: experience of using prothrombin complex concentrate in the treatment of massive bleeding. Meditsinskiye novosti. 2013; (9): 51–54. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Момот А.П., Молчанова И.В., Цхай В.Б. Массивные акушерские кровотечения: от гистерэктомии к фармакотерапии. Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии. 2012; 11(2): 32–37.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Momot A.P., Molchanova I.V., TSkhay V.B. Massive obstetric hemorrhage: from hysterectomy to drug therapy. Voprosy gematologii/onkologii i immunopatologii v pediatrii. 2012; 11(2): 32–37. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lavigne-Lissalde G., Aya G., Mercier F., et al. The FVIIa reduces the rate of international second line therapies in severe primary postpartum haemorrhages resistant to uterotonics: a multicenter, randomized. Open controlled trial. Abstr. XXIV Congr. Int. Soc. Thromb. Haemost. Amsterdam, 2013: 103–104.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lavigne-Lissalde G., Aya G., Mercier F., et al. The FVIIa reduces the rate of international second line therapies in severe primary postpartum haemorrhages resistant to uterotonics: a multicenter, randomized. Open controlled trial. Abstr XXIV Congr Int Soc Thromb Haemost. Amsterdam, 2013: 103–104.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kobayashi T., Nakabayashi M., Yoshioka A., et al. Recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa/NovoSeven®) in the management of severe postpartum haemorrhage: initial report of a multicentre case series in Japan. Int J Hematol. 2012; 5(1): 57–63. PMID: 22160834. DOI: 10.1007/s12185-011-0974-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kobayashi T., Nakabayashi M., Yoshioka A., et al. Recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa/NovoSeven®) in the management of severe postpartum haemorrhage: initial report of a multicentre case series in Japan. Int J Hematol. 2012; 5(1): 57–63. PMID: 22160834. DOI: 10.1007/s12185-011-0974-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Об утверждении Порядка оказания медицинской помощи по профилю «акушерство и гинекология (за исключением использования вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий). Приказ МЗ РФ № 572н от 12.11.2012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">On approval of the Procedure of rendering of medical aid according to the specialty “obstetrics and gynecology (with the exception of the use of assisted reproductive technologies). Ministry of health order No. 572н of 12.11.2012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">O’Brien K.L., Uhl L. How do we manage blood product support in the massively hemorrhaging obstetric patient? Transfusion. 2016; 56(9): 2165–2171. PMID: 27488384. DOI: 10.1111/trf.13753.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">O’Brien KL, Uhl L. How do we manage blood product support in the massively hemorrhaging obstetric patient? Transfusion. 2016; 56(9): 2165–2171. PMID: 27488384. DOI: 10.1111/trf.13753.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
