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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9022</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23934/2223-9022-2018-7-2-122-128</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nmp-462</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРИЧИНЫ НЕУДОВЛЕТВОРИТЕЛЬНЫХ ИСХОДОВ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ПОВРЕЖДЕНИЙ СТОПЫ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE MAIN CAUSES OF UNSATISFACTORY OUTCOMES OF TREATMENT FOR FOOT INJURIES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7088-3206</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каленский</surname><given-names>В. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalensky</surname><given-names>V. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник, отделение сочетанной и множественной травмы,</p><p>129090 Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher, Multisystem and Multiple Injury Department,</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Square, 3, Moscow 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vsevolod.kalenskiy@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2954-6985</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>отделение сочетанной и множественной травмы,</p><p>129090 Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Multisystem and Multiple Injury Department,</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Square, 3, Moscow 129090</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «НИИ скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Healthcare Department<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>122</fpage><lpage>128</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каленский В.О., Иванов П.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каленский В.О., Иванов П.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kalensky V.O., Ivanov P.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/462">https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/462</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Стопа является особой по своей сложности анатомической структурой. Большое количество суставных и связочных структур обеспечивает эффективную амортизацию и приспособление к особенностям поверхности при ходьбе. Однако при повреждении стопы восстановление ее анатомии — задача для хирурга крайне сложная, она влечет за собой ряд осложнений и последствий. Особенно выражены эти проблемы у пациентов с сочетанной и множественной травмой.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p> Цель исследования. Выявить наиболее частые причины неудовлетворительных исходов лечения при травме стопы у пациентов с изолированной, множественной и сочетанной травмой.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проанализировано лечение 216 пациентов. У 129 выявлен перелом пяточной кости, у 25 — переломы плюсневых костей и/или пальцев стопы, у 21 — перелом таранной кости, у 18 — повреждение сустава Лисфранка, у 13 — переломы костей среднего отдела стопы, а у 10 — множественная травма стопы. Сочетанная травма имела место в 38,4% наблюдений, изолированная травма стопы — в 36,7%, множественная травма скелета — в 24,9%. При оценке результатов учитывали ранние и поздние осложнения, а функциональный результат определяли по шкале Foot Function Index (FFI) в сроки 6, 12 и 24 мес.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты.Среди пациентов с закрытыми переломами пяточной кости проблемы заживления послеоперационной раны фигурировали в 3,5% наблюдений при оперативном лечении. Частота вторичных смещений составила 5,8%. Через 24 мес у пациентов после хирургического либо консервативного лечения наблюдали схожие функциональные исходы. Среди пациентов с открытыми переломами некроз кожи возник в 7 наблюдениях из 25, раневая инфекция — в 15. При фиксации спицами вторичное смещение наблюдали в 4 случаях из 18. Средний бал по шкале FFI через 24 мес составил 59,5. У пациентов с переломами костей переднего отдела стопы осложнения заживления раны возникли в 2 случаях. Средний бал по шкале FFI составил 93,7±8,1. У пациентов с переломами таранной кости раневых осложнений не отмечено, аваскулярный некроз (АВН) развился у 9 пациентов, остеоартроз (ОА) — в 15 наблюдениях. Средний показатель по шкале FFI через 2 г. составил 93,2±5,5 у пациентов без АВН и ОП и 63,6±23,1 — у пациентов с АВН и/или ОА. Среди пациентов с травмой среднего отдела стопы инфекционных осложнений и вторичного смещения не наблюдали. Остеоартроз имел место у 13 пациентов, включая 8 пациентов с повреждениями сустава Лисфранка. Разница в функциональных исходах между пациентами с развившимся ОА и без него отличалась по средним значениям, но не была статистически значимой.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Причинами неудовлетворительных исходов лечения при травме стопы являются раневые осложнения на фоне открытых переломов пяточной кости (72,0%), аваскулярный некроз таранной кости (42,8%) и посттравматический артроз суставов стопы (от 38,5 до 71,4% в зависимости от локализации повреждения). Целесообразно продолжение исследований для поиска лучшего алгоритма лечения в этих случаях. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The foot is a special anatomical structure in its complexity. A large number of articular and ligamentous structures provide effective amortization and adaptation to surface features when walking. At the same time, if it is damaged, restoration of its anatomic structure is significantly difficult for a surgeon and may cause a number of complications and consequences. These issues are significant in patients with multisystem and multiple trauma.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim of study</title><p>Aim of study. To identify the most common causes of unsatisfactory outcomes of treatment for foot injuries in patients with isolated, multiple and multisystem trauma.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Treatment of 216 patients was analyzed. We revealed 129 fractures of the calcaneus, 25 fractures of metatarsal bones and/or toes of the foot, 21 fractures of the talus, 18 Lisfranc lesions, 13 fractures of midfoot bones, and 10 multiple trauma of the foot. The multisystem trauma occurred in 38.4% of cases, isolated trauma of the foot was revealed in 36.7% and multiple injuries were observed in 24.9%. When evaluating the results, early and late complications were taken into account, and the functional outcome was determined by the Foot Function Index (FFI) after 6, 12 and 24 months.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Among patients with closed fractures of the calcaneus, the problems of healing of the postoperative wound appeared in 3.5% of cases in operative treatment. The frequency of secondary displacements was 5.8%. By 24 months in patients after surgical and conservative treatment, similar functional outcomes were observed. Among patients with open fractures, skin necrosis occurred in 7 out of 25 cases and wound infection was observed in 15 cases. When fixing with wires, secondary displacement was observed in 4 cases out of 18. The average FFI score by 24 months was 59.5. In patients with forefoot fractures, wound healing complications occurred in 2 cases. The average score on the FFI scale was 93.7±8.1. In patients with fractures of the talus, wound complications were not noted, avascular necrosis (AVN) developed in 9 patients, osteoarthrosis (OA) developed in 15 cases. The average FFI after 2 years was 93.2±5.5 in patients without AVN and OA, and 63.6±23.1 in patients with AVN and/or OA. Among patients with midfoot trauma, infectious complications and secondary displacement were not observed. Osteoarthrosis occurred in 13 patients, including 8 patients with lesions of the Lisfranc joint. The difference in functional outcomes between patients with developed osteoarthrosis and without it differed in mean values, but was not statistically significant.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The causes of unsatisfactory outcomes of treatment for foot trauma are wound complications against the background of open fractures of the calcaneus, avascular necrosis of the talus and posttraumatic arthrosis of the foot joints. It is advisable to continue research to find the best algorithm for treatment in these cases. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>травма стопы</kwd><kwd>переломы пяточной кости</kwd><kwd>переломы таранной кости</kwd><kwd>повреждения сустава Лисфранка</kwd><kwd>исходы лечения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>foot injuries</kwd><kwd>calcaneus</kwd><kwd>Talus</kwd><kwd>lisfranc injury</kwd><kwd>patient outcomes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Корышков Н.А., Платонов С.М. Лечение повреждений пяточной кости: обзор литературы. Вестник травматологии и ортопедии им. Н.Н. Приорова. 2005; (1): 90–92.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koryshkov N.A., Platonov S.M. Treatment of Calcaneous Injuries Vestnik travmatologii i ortopedii im. N.N. Priorova. 2005; (1): 90–92. 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