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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9022</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23934/2223-9022-2017-6-1-30-33</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nmp-341</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ КЛИНИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METHODOLOGY OF CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>НОВЫЙ МЕТОД ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ ВЕРОЯТНОСТИ ВЫЖИВАНИЯ И ОЦЕНКИ НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННОСТИ ДЛЯ ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ТРАВМАМИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A NEW METHOD FOR PREDICTING SURVIVAL AND ESTIMATING UNCERTAINTY IN TRAUMA PATIENTS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щетинин</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Schetinin</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пенза;</p><p>кандидат технических наук, старший преподаватель кафедры вычислительной техники, Лутон</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Penza;</p><p>PhD, Senior Lecturer in Computing and Information Systems, Luton</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vitaly.schetinin@beds.ac.uk</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якайте</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Jakaite</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лутон</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Luton</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курякин</surname><given-names>В. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuriakin</surname><given-names>V. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пенза</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Penza</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбаченко</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbachenko</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пенза</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Penza</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Пензенский государственный университет»;&#13;
Университет Бедфордшира, Лутон</institution><country>Великобритания</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Penza State University;&#13;
University of Bedfordshire</institution><country>United Kingdom</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Бедфордшира</institution><country>Великобритания</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Bedfordshire</institution><country>United Kingdom</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Пензенский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Penza State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>30</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Щетинин В.Г., Якайте Л.И., Курякин В.Ф., Горбаченко В.И., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Щетинин В.Г., Якайте Л.И., Курякин В.Ф., Горбаченко В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Schetinin V.G., Jakaite L.I., Kuriakin V.F., Gorbachenko V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/341">https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/341</self-uri><abstract><p>Для оценки тяжести травм и повреждений в настоящее время используется «золотой» стандарт Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS), предназначенный для скрининга состояния пациента с целью предсказания вероятности выживания. Однако использование этого стандарта в течение более чем 40 лет выявило ряд проблем: первое — необъяснимую флуктуацию предсказанных значений, вызванную агрегированием скрининговых тестов, второе — недостаточную точность оценки интервалов неопределенности, в которых распределены предсказания. Для снижения негативного влияния этих факторов нами разработан новый метод и сделан доступным для практиков в виде web-калькулятора. Метод использует байесовскую методологию статистического вывода, которая теоретически позволяет достичь максимальной точности предсказаний, являясь, однако, вычислительно сложной в реализации. Метод был реализован и верифицирован нами на выборке данных, включающей 571 148 пациентов, зарегистрированных в US National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB), с числом травм от 1 до 20. Распределение пациентов по группам по числу травм: 1-я группа — 174 647 пациентов имели 1 травму, 2-я группа — 381 137— от 2 до 10 травм и 3-я группа 15 364 — от 11 до 20 травм. Доли выживших в каждой категории были 0,977, 0,953 и 0,831 соответственно. Предложенный нами метод улучшил точность предсказаний на 0,04%, 0,36% и 3,64% (значимость p&lt;0,05) для каждой указанной группы. Критерий Хосмер-Лемешоу показал значительное улучшение калибрации новой модели. Интервалы неопределенности 2σ были снижены с 0,628 до 0,569 для пациентов 2-й группы и с 1,227 до 0,930 для пациентов 3-й группы (p&lt;0,005). Новый метод показал статистически значимое улучшение как точности предсказания выживания, так и точности оценки интервалов неопределенности. Наибольшее улучшение достигается для пациентов 3-й группы. Метод сделан доступным для практиков как web-калькулятор http://www.traumacalc.org.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) is the current “gold” standard of screening patient’s condition for purposes of predicting survival probability. More than 40 years of TRISS practice revealed a number of problems, particularly, 1) unexplained fluctuation of predicted values caused by aggregation of screening tests, and 2) low accuracy of uncertainty intervals estimations. We developed a new method made it available for practitioners as a web calculator to reduce negative effect of factors given above. The method involves Bayesian methodology of statistical inference which, being computationally expensive, in theory provides most accurate predictions. We implemented and tested this approach on a data set including 571,148 patients registered in the US National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) with 1–20 injuries. These patients were distributed over the following categories: (1) 174,647 with 1 injury, (2) 381,137 with 2–10 injuries, and (3) 15,364 with 11–20 injuries. Survival rates in each category were 0.977, 0.953, and 0.831, respectively. The proposed method has improved prediction accuracy by 0.04%, 0.36%, and 3.64% (p-value &lt;0.05) in the categories 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Hosmer-Lemeshow statistics showed a significant improvement of the new model calibration. The uncertainty 2σ intervals were reduced from 0.628 to 0.569 for patients of the second category and from 1.227 to 0.930 for patients of the third category, both with p-value &lt;0.005. The new method shows the statistically significant improvement (p-value &lt;0.05) in accuracy of predicting survival and estimating the uncertainty intervals. The largest improvement has been achieved for patients with 11–20 injuries. The method is available for practitioners as a web calculator http://www.traumacalc.org.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>оценка тяжести травм и повреждений</kwd><kwd>TRISS</kwd><kwd>предсказание выживания</kwd><kwd>web-калькулятор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>trauma care</kwd><kwd>trauma injury severity score</kwd><kwd>survival prediction</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Prof Lecky,  Dr Bouamra (UK Trauma Audit and Research Network, University of Manchester)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boyd C.R., Tolson M.A., Copes W.S. Evaluating trauma care: The TRISS method. Trauma Score and the Injury Severity Score. J. Trauma. 1987; 27(4): 370–378. PMID: 310664.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boyd C.R., Tolson M.A., Copes W.S. 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