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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9022</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23934/2223-9022-2025-14-3-601-608</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nmp-2216</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Периоперационное комплексное ведение пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста с переломами проксимального отдела бедренной кости и нарушениями пищевого статуса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Perioperative Nutritional Support and Management of Patients with Proximal Femur Fractures with Senile Asthenia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5270-3169</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гигинеишвили</surname><given-names>Л. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gigineishvili</surname><given-names>L. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гигинеишвили Лаша Раулиевич, младший научный сотрудник научного отделения неотложной травматологии опорнодвигательного аппарата,</p><p>129090,  Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lasha R. Gigineishvili, Junior Researcher, Department of Emergency Trauma of the  Musculosketal System, </p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Moscow, 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gigineishvili.lasha@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8616-920X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Файн</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fain</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Файн Алексей Максимович, доцент, доктор медицинских наук, заведующий научным отделением неотложной травматологии опорно-двигательного аппарата, 129090,  Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3;</p><p>профессор кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и медицины катастроф, 127473, Москва, ул. Долгоруковская, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey M. Fain, Associate Professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Scientific Department of Emergency Trauma of the Musculoskeletal System, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Moscow, 129090;</p><p>Professor of the Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Disaster Medicine, Dolgorukovskaya Str. 4, Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fineam@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9262-9233</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стародубова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Starodubova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стародубова Антонина Владимировна, доктор медицинских наук, доцент, главный внештатный специалист-диетолог, заместитель директора по научной и лечебной работе, 109240, Москва, Устьинский проезд, д. 2/14;</p><p>профессор кафедры факультетской терапии лечебного факультета, 117513, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Antonina V. Starodubova, Associate Professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Deputy Director for Scientific and Therapeutic Work, Ustinsky proezd 2/14, Moscow, 109240;</p><p>Professor of the Department of Elective Therapy, Ostrovityanova Str. 1, Moscow, 117513</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avs.ion@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3968-3713</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рык</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryk</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рык Алла Александровна, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения неотложной хирургии, эндоскопии и интенсивной терапии,</p><p>129090,  Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alla A. Ryk, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Department of Emergency Surgery, Endoscopy and Intensive Care,</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Moscow, 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rykaa@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» МЗ РФ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine;&#13;
Russian University of Medicine<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН «Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи»;&#13;
ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» МЗ РФ (Пироговский Университет)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety;&#13;
N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (Pirogov University)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>601</fpage><lpage>608</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гигинеишвили Л.Р., Файн А.М., Стародубова А.В., Рык А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гигинеишвили Л.Р., Файн А.М., Стародубова А.В., Рык А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gigineishvili L.R., Fain A.M., Starodubova A.V., Ryk A.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/2216">https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/2216</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Закрытые переломы проксимального отдела бедренной кости (ППОБК) у пациентов старческого возраста с недостаточностью питания и саркопенией характеризуются высокой распространённостью и часто неблагоприятным прогнозом. За последнее десятилетие было показано, что саркопения (дегенеративное изменение скелетной мускулатуры) оказывает негативное прогностическое влияние на результаты лечения пациентов с различными ППОБК. В обзоре обобщены данные клинических исследований, посвящённых влиянию недостаточности питания и саркопении на результаты лечения пациентов старческого возраста с ППОБК, перенесших хирургическое и (или) лекарственное лечение.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Определить роль периоперационной нутритивной поддержки в комплексном ведении пациентов с ППОБК с сопутствующей недостаточностью питания и саркопенией.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Поиск источников проводили с использованием электронных баз научной литературы PubMed, Cochrane Library, eLibrary и Cyberleninka, опубликованных в период с января 1995 по май 2024 года. Был произведён отбор публикаций, посвящённых влиянию саркопении на частоту послеоперационных осложнений, уровню летальности и общей выживаемости у пациентов старческого возраста с ППОБК.</p><p>Стратегия поиска литературных источников. Для проведения анализа и оценки литературных данных были определены критерии включений источников в аналитическое исследование: наличие полного текста статьи или структурированного, с указанием конкретных количественных данных реферата. Критерии исключения: тезисы докладов, неопубликованные работы, исследования, имеющие признаки «дублирования» (схожий протокол исследования, группы, число пациентов и др.). В случае обнаружения «дублирующих» статей выбирали более поздний по дате публикации источник. Использовали следующие ключевые слова на русском и английском языках: перелом проксимального отдела бедренной кости, старческая астения, саркопения, остеопоротическая саркопения, белково-энергетическая недостаточность, периоперационная подготовка. С учётом данных отобран 41 литературный источник.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Существует потребность в создании алгоритма, в том числе включающего методы скрининга и диагностики нутритивной недостаточности у пациентов старческого возраста с переломом проксимального отдела бедренной кости.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Due to the development of medical technologies, improvement of the quality of medical care, progress in the field of disease prevention and lifestyle changes, the average life expectancy is constantly increasing. With age, bones become more fragile and prone to fractures; most often the proximal femur is damaged. Femoral fractures occur, as a rule, due to a fall on a flat surface, and mainly in people over the age of 60 years.</p><p>It should be borne in mind that proper nutrition is one of the key components of treatment and recovery of the body. Patients in hospital may experience various digestive and appetite problems or have additional nutritional needs. Poor nutrition and insufficient protein intake can be a particularly important risk factor for hip fracture, and is often considered to be the cause of a high incidence of fracture complications in the elderly. Among various general geriatric pathologies, sarcopenia syndrome has attracted special attention in recent years, because its development leads to deterioration in the quality of life, and increases the risk of falls and complications after injury.</p><p>Perioperative nutritional support plays an important role in the recovery of patients with senile asthenia and fractures of the proximal femur.</p><p>A comprehensive multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of patients with senile asthenia and fractures of the proximal femur restores ability of self-care and limb support, raises the vitality and improves psychological state of the patient.</p><p>The Aim of the review is to determine the role of perioperative nutritional support in the management of patients with fractures of the proximal femur and concomitant sarcopenia.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. To write this review, we used the following electronic databases of scientific literature: PubMed, Cochrane Library, eLibrary, and Cyberleninka. The papers published in the period from January 1995 to May 2024 on the influence of sarcopenia on the incidence of postoperative complications, mortality rate and overall survival in elderly patients with fractures of the proximal femur were considered.</p><p>Thanks to the review, it was indicated that so far there is no single view on a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of those patients, who should be carefully examined in order to identify nutritional deficiencies.</p><p>There is also no complete perioperative algorithm in the available literature; and the issue of medical and social rehabilitation of this complex category of patients has not been resolved.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. There is a need to create such an algorithm that includes methods for screening and diagnosing nutritional insufficiency in elderly patients with fractures of the proximal femur.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>перелом проксимального отдела бедренной кости</kwd><kwd>периоперационная нутритивная поддержка</kwd><kwd>астения</kwd><kwd>саркопения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>proximal femur fracture</kwd><kwd>perioperative nutritional support</kwd><kwd>asthenia</kwd><kwd>sarcopenia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рыбальченко C.И., Коротаев А.В., Ефремов И.А. Демография 2030. Как обеспечить устойчивый рост населения Российской Федерации. Специальный доклад Общественной палаты Российской Федерации. Москва: Пачоли Консалтинг; 2023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rybal’chenko CI, Korotaev AV, Efremov IA. 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