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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9022</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23934/2223-9022-2025-14-1-166-177</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nmp-2070</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль тиамина в развитии энцефалопатии Вернике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Role of Thiamine in the Development of Wernicke Encephalopathy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8490-1417</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалева</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovaleva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ковалева Элла Александровна - кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник научного отделения неотложной неврологии и восстановительного лечения ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ».</p><p>129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ella A. Kovaleva - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Scientific Department of Emergency Neurology and Rehabilitation, N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine.</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Moscow, 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kovalevaea@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6824-4114</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рамазанов</surname><given-names>Г. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ramazanov</surname><given-names>G. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рамазанов Ганипа Рамазанович - кандидат медицинских наук, заместитель директора – руководитель регионального сосудистого центра; заведующий научным отделением неотложной неврологии и восстановительного лечения ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ».</p><p>129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ganipa R. Ramazanov - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Deputy Director – Head of the Regional Vascular Center; Head, Scientific Department of Emergency Neurology and Rehabilitation, N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine.</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Moscow, 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ramasanovgr@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3968-3713</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рык</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryk</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рык Алла Александровна - кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения неотложной хирургии, эндоскопии и интенсивной терапии ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ».</p><p>129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alla A. Ryk - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Department of Emergency Surgery, Endoscopy and Intensive Care, N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine.</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Moscow, 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rykaa@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>166</fpage><lpage>177</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ковалева Э.А., Рамазанов Г.Р., Рык А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ковалева Э.А., Рамазанов Г.Р., Рык А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kovaleva E.A., Ramazanov G.R., Ryk A.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/2070">https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/2070</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ</title><p>АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ. Энцефалопатия Вернике (ЭВ) — острое жизнеугрожающее неврологическое заболевание, вызванное дефицитом тиамина. Витамин В1 является коферментом, участвует в процессе поддержания целостности клеточных мембран, и, следовательно, нормального функционирования нервной системы, мышц и сердца. Распространённость ЭВ в популяции составляет 0,4–2,8%. При отсутствии своевременного лечения ЭВ приводит к развитию тяжёлой инвалидизации, а в 20% случаев — к смертельному исходу.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Систематизация данных о роли тиамина в развитии энцефалопатии Вернике.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ. Для достижения поставленной цели были проанализированы результаты научных исследований, посвящённых ЭВ. Поиск литературы проводили в электронных поисковых системах Scopus, eLibrary, PubMed по ключевым словам: энцефалопатия Вернике, тиамин, злоупотребление алкоголем, тиаминовая недостаточность. Для анализа были отобраны научные статьи, опубликованные в период с 1881 по 2024 год.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Наиболее частая причина развития ЭВ — хронический алкоголизм, на долю которого приходится 50% всех случаев. Однако существует много других заболеваний и состояний, которые могут привести к развитию ЭВ. Важную роль в развитии ЭВ играет дефицит витамина В1.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Дефицит витамина В1 может развиться в результате сбоя на различных этапах метаболической цепи, при различных патологических процессах в организме человека. Энцефалопатия Вернике встречается не только у людей, злоупотребляющих алкоголем, но и у беременных, онкологических больных, пациентов с заболеваниями желудочно-кишечного тракта, печени и щитовидной железы, после бариатрических и других абдоминальных операций, а также у пациентов, длительно находящихся на парентеральном питании. Дефицит тиамина, и, как следствие, энцефалопатия Вернике, может привести к необратимому повреждению головного мозга, тяжёлой инвалидизации и смертельному исходу.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>RELEVANCE</title><p>RELEVANCE. Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is an acute life-threatening neurological disease caused by thiamine deficiency. Vitamin B1 is a coenzyme that is involved in the process of maintaining the integrity of cell membranes, and, consequently, the normal functioning of the nervous system, muscles and heart. The prevalence of WE in the population is 0.4–2.8%. In the absence of timely treatment, WE leads to the development of severe disability, and in 20% of cases — to death.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM OF STUDY</title><p>AIM OF STUDY. Systematization of data on the role of thiamine in the development of Wernicke encephalopathy.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIAL AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIAL AND METHODS. To achieve this goal, the results of scientific research on WE were analyzed. The literature search was carried out in Scopus, eLibrary, PubMed electronic search engines using the following keywords: Wernicke encephalopathy, thiamine, alcohol abuse, thiamine deficiency. Scientific articles published between 1881 and 2024 were selected for analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. The most common cause of WE is chronic alcoholism, which accounts for 50% of all cases. However, there are many other diseases and conditions that can lead to the development of WE. Vitamin B1 deficiency plays an important role in the development of WE.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS. Vitamin B1 deficiency can develop as a result of a malfunction at various stages of the metabolic chain, during various pathological processes in the human body. Wernicke encephalopathy occurs not only in people who abuse alcohol, but also in pregnant women, cancer patients, patients with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver and thyroid gland, after bariatric and other abdominal surgeries, as well as in patients on long-term parenteral nutrition. Thiamine deficiency, and, as a consequence, Wernicke encephalopathy, can lead to irreversible brain damage, severe disability and death.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>энцефалопатия Вернике</kwd><kwd>тиамин</kwd><kwd>злоупотребление алкоголем</kwd><kwd>тиаминовая недостаточность</kwd><kwd>заболевания желудочно-кишечного тракта</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Wernicke encephalopathy</kwd><kwd>thiamine</kwd><kwd>alcohol abuse</kwd><kwd>thiamine deficiency</kwd><kwd>diseases of the gastrointestinal tract</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рамазанов Г.Р., Ковалева Э.А., Степанов В.Н., Коригова Х.В., Шевченко Е.В., Забродская Я.В., Петриков С.С. Клинические случаи энцефалопатии Вернике. Журнал им. Н.В. 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