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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9022</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23934/2223-9022-2024-13-4-656-667</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nmp-2008</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Донаторы оксида азота в терапии сосудистого спазма и отсроченной ишемии мозга у больных с субарахноидальным кровоизлиянием</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nitric Oxide Donors in the Treatment of Vascular Spasm and Delayed Cerebral Ischemia in Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9992-9260</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Журавель</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhuravel</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Журавель Сергей Владимирович - доктор медицинских наук, заведующий научным отделением анестезиологии ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ», профессор кафедры анестезиологии, реаниматологии и неотложной медицины Научно-образовательного института непрерывного профессионального образования им. Н.Д. Ющука ФГБОУ ВО «РУМ» МЗ РФ, доцент кафедры анестезиологии, реаниматологии и интенсивной терапии имени профессора В.Д. Малышева ЛФ ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» МЗ РФ (Пироговский Университет).</p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3; 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1; 127006, Москва, Долгоруковская, ул. д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Zhuravel - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Scientific Department of Anesthesiology, N.V. Sklifosovsky RIEM; Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimatology and Emergency Medicine, N.D. Yushchuk Scientific and Educational Institute of Continuous Professional Education, RUM; Associate Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care named after Professor V.D. Malyshev, N.I. Pirogov RNRMU.</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Moscow, 129090; Ostrovityanova Str. 1, Moscow, 117513; Dolgorukovskaya Str. 4, Moscow, 127006</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhsergey5@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2444-8136</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Природов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prirodov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Природов Александр Владиславович - доктор медицинских наук, заведующий нейрохирургическим отделением, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения неотложной нейрохирургии ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ», Профессор кафедры фундаментальной нейрохирургии ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» МЗ РФ (Пироговский Университет).</p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3; 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr V. Prirodov - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head, Neurosurgical Department; Leading Researcher, Department of Emergency Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky RIEM; Professor, Department of Fundamental Neurosurgery, N.I. Pirogov RNRMU.</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Moscow, 129090; Ostrovityanova Str. 1, Moscow, 117513</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aprirodov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1525-1585</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бахарев</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakharev</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бахарев Евгений Юрьевич               кандидат медицинских наук, врач-нейрохирург, старший научный сотрудник отделения неотложной нейрохирургии ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ».</p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy Yu. Bakharev - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Neurosurgeon, Senior Researcher, Department of Emergency Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky RIEM.</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Moscow, 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ads_nvkz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9157-2943</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зорин</surname><given-names>П. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zorin</surname><given-names>P. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зорин Павел Дмитриевич - врач-анестезиолог-реаниматолог ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ», аспирант кафедры анестезиологии, реаниматологии и интенсивной терапии имени профессора В.Д. Малышева ЛФ ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» МЗ РФ (Пироговский Университет).</p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3; 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel D. Zorin - Anesthesiologist-Resuscitator, Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation No 1, N.V. Sklifosovsky RIEM; postgraduate student, Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimatology and Intensive Care named after Professor V.D. Malyshev, N.I. Pirogov RNRMU.</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Moscow, 129090; Ostrovityanova Str. 1, Moscow, 117513</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zorinpd@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3292-8789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петриков</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrikov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петриков Сергей Сергеевич - член-корреспондент РАН, доктор медицинских наук, директор ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ», заведующий кафедрой анестезиологии, реаниматологии и неотложной медицины Научно-образовательного института непрерывного профессионального образования им. Н.Д. Ющука ФГБОУ ВО «РУМ» МЗ РФ.</p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3; 127006, Москва, Долгоруковская, ул. д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey S. Petrikov - Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Director, N.V. Sklifosovsky RIEM; Head, Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimatology and Emergency Medicine.</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Moscow, 129090; Dolgorukovskaya Str. 4, Moscow, 127006</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petrikovss@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» МЗ РФ; ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» МЗ РФ, Научно-образовательный институт непрерывного профессионального образования им. Н.Д. Ющука<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine; N.I. Pirogov National Research Medical University; Russian University of Medicine, N.D. Yushchuk Scientific and Educational Institute of Continuous Professional Education<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» МЗ РФ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine; N.I. Pirogov National Research Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»; ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» МЗ РФ, Научно-образовательный институт непрерывного профессионального образования им. Н.Д. Ющука<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine; Russian University of Medicine, N.D. Yushchuk Scientific and Educational Institute of Continuous Professional Education<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>656</fpage><lpage>667</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Журавель С.В., Природов А.В., Бахарев Е.Ю., Зорин П.Д., Петриков С.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Журавель С.В., Природов А.В., Бахарев Е.Ю., Зорин П.Д., Петриков С.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhuravel S.V., Prirodov A.V., Bakharev E.Y., Zorin P.D., Petrikov S.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/2008">https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/2008</self-uri><abstract><p>Вторичный сосудистый спазм вследствие нетравматического разрыва аневризм церебральных артерий является грозным осложнением, приводящим к серьезной инвалидизации пациентов, которые сталкиваются с данной патологией, а в 30–50% случаев приводит к смертельному исходу. Стандартная терапия, применяемая в ОРИТ, не имеет колоссального успеха в лечении данной патологии, что сподвигает ученых по всему миру к поиску новых препаратов, способных улучшить исход и повысить качество жизни пациентов. На данный момент самым перспективным нехирургическим методом лечения является использование препаратов, являющихся донаторами оксида азота в составе комплексной терапии. В современной медицине имеется несколько способов введения препаратов данной группы: внутривенно, внутриартериально, интратекально, интравентрикулярно и ингаляционно; способ зависит от типа применяемого препарата. Несмотря на перспективность использования данных лекарственных форм, имеется ряд негативных побочных эффектов, которые вследствие недостаточной изученности ограничивают широкое применение в стационарах. В данном обзоре собраны исследования, изучающие положительные и отрицательны стороны применения данных препаратов и целесообразность их использования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Secondary vascular spasm due to non-traumatic rupture of cerebral artery aneurysms is a formidable complication leading to serious disability of patients who face this disease, and in 30–50% of cases leads to death. Standard therapy used in intensive care units does not have tremendous success in the treatment of this pathology, which encourages scientists around the world to search for new drugs that can improve the outcome and increase the quality of life of patients. At the moment, the most promising non-surgical method of treatment is the use of nitric oxide donor drugs as part of complex therapy. In modern medicine, there are several ways to administer drugs of this group: intravenously, intra-arterially , intrathecally , intraventricularly and by inhalation . The method depends on the type of drug used. Despite the promise of using these dosage forms, there are a number of negative side effects, which, due to insufficient study, limit their widespread use in hospitals. This review contains studies examining the positive and negative aspects of the use of these drugs and the appropriateness of their use.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>субарахноидальное кровоизлияние</kwd><kwd>нетравматическое субарахноидальное кровоизлияние</kwd><kwd>монооксид азота</kwd><kwd>донаторы оксида азота</kwd><kwd>сосудистый спазм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>subarachnoid hemorrhage</kwd><kwd>non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage</kwd><kwd>nitric oxide</kwd><kwd>nitric oxide donors</kwd><kwd>vasospasm</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта АНО (Соглашение No 1603-32/23с)</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This work was supported by an ANO grant (Agreement No. 1603-32/23с)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крылов В.В., Винокуров А.Г., Дашьян В.Г., Лукьянчиков В.А., Полунина Н.А., Природов А.В. и др. 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