nmpЖурнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"2223-90222541-8017“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”10.23934/2223-9022-2024-13-4-641-649nmp-2006Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWSГигантоклеточный артериитGiant Cell Arteritishttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9750-3509ШевченкоЕ. В.ShevchenkoE. V.

Шевченко Евгений Владимирович - кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий неврологическим отделением для больных с острыми нарушениями мозгового кровообращения, старший научный сотрудник научного отделения неотложной неврологии и восстановительного лечения ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ».

129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3

Evgeny V. Shevchenko - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of the Neurological Department for Patients with Acute Cerebrovascular Accidents, Senior Researcher of the Scientific Department of Emergency Neurology and Rehabilitation Treatment, N.V. Sklifosovsky RIEM.

Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Moscow

shevchenkoev@sklif.mos.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5979-5667ИзмайловаА. М.IzmailovaA. M.

Измайлова Аза Магомедовна - младший научный сотрудник научного отделения неотложной неврологии и восстановительного лечения ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ».

129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3

Aza M. Izmailova - Junior Researcher, Department of Emergency Neurology and Rehabilitation, N.V. Sklifosovsky RIEM.

Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Moscow

izmailovaam@sklif.mos.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8490-1417КовалеваЭ. А.KovalevaE. A.

Ковалева Элла Александровна - кандидат медицинских наук, старший преподаватель учебного отдела, старший научный сотрудник научного отделения неотложной неврологии и восстановительного лечения ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ».

129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3

Ella A. Kovaleva - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Senior Lecturer, Educational Department, Senior Researcher, Scientific Department of Emergency Neurology and Rehabilitation Treatment, N.V. Sklifosovsky RIEM.

Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Moscow

kovalevaea@sklif.mos.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6824-4114РамазановГ. Р.RamazanovG. R.

Рамазанов Ганипа Рамазанович - кандидат медицинских наук, заместитель директора — руководитель регионального сосудистого центра ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ», заведующий научным отделением неотложной неврологии и восстановительного лечения.

129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3

Ganipa R. Ramazanov - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Deputy Director, Head of the Regional Vascular Center, N.V. Sklifosovsky RIEM, Head of the Scientific Department of Emergency Neurology and Rehabilitation Treatment

Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 3, Moscow

ramasanovgr@sklif.mos.ruГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»РоссияN.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency MedicineRussian Federation202428012025134641649Copyright © Шевченко Е.В., Измайлова А.М., Ковалева Э.А., Рамазанов Г.Р., 20252025Шевченко Е.В., Измайлова А.М., Ковалева Э.А., Рамазанов Г.Р.Shevchenko E.V., Izmailova A.M., Kovaleva E.A., Ramazanov G.R.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/2006

Гигантоклеточный артериит — заболевание, характеризующееся гранулематозным воспалением артерий крупного и среднего калибра. Патологическим изменениям при данном артериите наиболее подвержены аорта и ее крупные ветви. Течение гигантоклеточного артериита нередко осложняет ишемия в бассейне кровоснабжения артерии, вовлеченной в патологический процесс. Вариантами таких осложнений могут быть ишемические нейропатия зрительного нерва и ретинопатия, ишемия конечностей, а также острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения. В настоящем обзоре представлены актуальные данные об этиологии и патогенезе гигантоклеточного артериита, распространенности, чувствительности и специфичности клинических и инструментальных признаков данного заболевания, а также практические рекомендации по различным методам лечения в период обострения и ремиссии.

Giant cell arteritis is a disease characterized by granulomatous inflammation of large and medium-sized arteries. The aorta and its large branches are most susceptible to pathological changes in this arteritis. The course of giant cell arteritis is often complicated by ischemia in the blood supply basin of the artery involved in the pathological process. Variants of such complications may be ischemic optic neuropathy and retinopathy, limb ischemia, and acute cerebrovascular accident. This review presents current data on the etiology and pathogenesis of giant cell arteritis, prevalence, sensitivity, and specificity of clinical and instrumental signs of this disease, as well as practical recommendations for various treatment methods during exacerbation and remission.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.