<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9022</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23934/2223-9022-2024-13-3-501-513</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nmp-1939</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>О возможностях и значении беспилотных летательных аппаратов для догоспитального этапа медицинской помощи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On the Possibilities and Significance of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for the Pre- Hospital Stage of Medical Care</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6045-9329</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Писаренко</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pisarenko</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Писаренко Леонид Васильевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник научного отдела организации экстренной медицинский помощи ГБУЗ особого типа МТНПЦМК (ЦЕМП) ДЗМ</p><p>129010, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 5/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leonid V. Pisarenko, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Full Professor, Leading Researcher, Scientific Department of Organization of Emergency Medical Care</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 5/1, p. 1, Moscow, 129010</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">p8060@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4172-8263</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуменюк</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gumenyuk</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гуменюк Сергей Андреевич, доктор медицинских наук, доцент, директор ГБУЗ особого типа МТНПЦМК (ЦЕМП) ДЗМ</p><p>129010, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 5/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Gumenyuk, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Director</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 5/1, p. 1, Moscow, 129010</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cemp75@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8806-0320</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потапов</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potapov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Потапов Владимир Игоревич, доктор медицинских наук, заведующий научным отделом организации экстренной медицинский помощи ГБУЗ особого типа МТНПЦМК (ЦЕМП) ДЗМ</p><p>129010, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 5/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir I. Potapov, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head, Scientific Department of Organization of Emergency Medical Care</p><p>Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq. 5/1, p. 1, Moscow, 129010</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">potapof48@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ Москвы особого типа «Московский территориальный научно-практический центр медицины катастроф (ЦЭМП) ДЗМ»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Moscow Territorial Scientific and Practical Center for Disaster Medicine<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>501</fpage><lpage>513</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Писаренко Л.В., Гуменюк С.А., Потапов В.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Писаренко Л.В., Гуменюк С.А., Потапов В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pisarenko L.V., Gumenyuk S.A., Potapov V.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1939">https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1939</self-uri><abstract><p>Беспилотные летательные аппараты являются важной техникой и неотложным средством при поисково-спасательных работах. Они способствуют сокращению времени, необходимого для поиска и оказания помощи раненым, больным и пострадавшим, находящимся на большом территориальном удалении и в трудно доступных местах. С помощью компьютерного «зрения» и таких датчиков, как шумовое зондирование, бинарное зондирование, вибрация и тепловое зондирование, дроны способны обеспечить поиск живых пациентов не только в море, высоко в горах и в шахтах, но и погребенных под завалами зданий и сооружений. Такие аппараты демонстрируют преимущества при экстренной и неотложной доставке медицинской реанимационной и другой медицинской техники, лекарственных средств, препаратов крови и органов для трансплантации пациентам, особенно находящимся в удаленных местах. С помощью беспилотников возможно эффективно проводить сортировку пациентов при массовых санитарных потерях, осуществлять дезинфекцию и дистанционно вести мониторинг состояния здоровья пациентов при высококонтагиозных инфекционных заболеваниях и других патологических состояниях, а также сократить время для предоставления других медицинских и гуманитарных услуг населению. Очевидно, что применение беспилотников требует дальнейшего изучения их перспективных возможностей, особенно в реальных условиях деятельности служб скорой медицинской помощи.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Unmanned aerial vehicles are an important force in search and rescue operations. They help reduce the time needed to search for and provide assistance to the wounded, sick and injured who are located at a large territorial distance and in hard-to-reach places. With the help of computer “vision” and sensors such as noise sensing, binary sensing, vibration and thermal sensing, drones are able to search for living patients not only in the sea, high in the mountains and in mines, but also buried under the rubble of buildings and structures. Such devices demonstrate advantages in emergency and urgent delivery of medical resuscitation and other medical equipment, medicines, blood products and organs for transplantation to patients, especially those in remote locations. With the help of drones, it is possible to effectively sort patients in case of mass sanitary losses, carry out disinfection and remotely monitor the health status of patients with highly contagious infectious diseases and other pathological conditions, as well as reduce the time for providing other medical and humanitarian services to the population. It is obvious that the use of drones requires further study of their promising capabilities, especially in the actual conditions of emergency medical services.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>беспилотные летательные аппараты</kwd><kwd>беспилотники</kwd><kwd>дроны</kwd><kwd>догоспитальный этап</kwd><kwd>поисково-спасательные операции</kwd><kwd>экстренная и неотложная медицинская помощь</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>unmanned aerial vehicles</kwd><kwd>drones</kwd><kwd>pre-hospital stage</kwd><kwd>search and rescue operations</kwd><kwd>emergency and emergency medical care</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Приказ Министерства здравоохранения РФ от 20 июня 2013 г. № 388н «Об утверждении Порядка оказания скорой, в том числе скорой специализированной, медицинской помощи» (с изменениями и дополнениями) URL: https://base.garant.ru/70438200/?ysclid=lnq0f3wlm0816266597 [Дата обращения 20.08.2024]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prikaz Ministerstva zdravookhraneniya RF ot 20 iyunya 2013 g. No 388n “Ob utverzhdenii Poryadka okazaniya skoroy, v tom chisle skoroy spetsializirovannoy, meditsinskoy pomoshchi” (s izmeneniyami i dopolneniyami). (In Russ.) Available at: https://base.garant.ru/70438200/?ysclid=lnq0f3wlm0816266597 [Accessed Aug 20, 2024]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шарипов А.М., Сафаров З.Ф. Проблемы современной догоспитальной помощи и медицины катастроф. Вестник национального детского медицинского центра (Узбекистан). 2022;(2):91–95.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharipov AM, Safarov ZF. Problems of Modern Pre-Hospital Care and Disaster Medicine. Herald of the National Children’s Medical Center. 2022;(2):91–95. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Комплексное наблюдение условий жизни населения. Итоги наблюдения. Статистические таблицы. Росстат. 2018. Таблицы 34.1-Получение скорой медицинской помощи; 34.1.1-Получение скорой медицинской помощи лицами старше трудоспособного возраста. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/free_doc/new_site/KOUZ18/index.html [Дата обращения 20.08.2024]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kompleksnoe nablyudenie usloviy zhizni naseleniya. Itogi nablyudeniya. Statisticheskie tablitsy. Rosstat. 2018. Tablitsy 34.1-Poluchenie skoroy meditsinskoy pomoshchi; 34.1.1-Poluchenie skoroy meditsinskoy pomoshchi litsami starshe trudosposobnogo vozrasta. Available at: https://rosstat.gov.ru/free_doc/new_site/KOUZ18/index.html [Accessed Aug 20, 2024]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Колесников А.В., Бреусов А.В., Шичанин В.В., Бреусов Р.А. Удовлетворенность населения региона качеством работы службы скорой медицинской помощи. Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Медицина. 2017;21(1):109–116. https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-0245-2017-21-1-109-116</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kolesnikov AV, Breusov AV, Shichanin VV, Breusov RA. The Satisfaction of the Population of the Region the Quality of the Ambulance Service. RUDN Journal of Medicine. 2017;21(1):109–116. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-0245-2017-21-1-109-116</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nimilan V, Manohar G, Sudha R, Pearley S. Drone-aid: An aerial medical assistance. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE). 2019;8(11 Suppl):1288–1292. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.K1260.09811S19</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nimilan V, Manohar G, Sudha R, Pearley S. Drone-aid: An aerial medical assistance. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE). 2019;8(11 Suppl):1288–1292. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.K1260.09811S19</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pulsiri N, Vatananan-Thesenvilz R. Drones in Emergency Medical Services: A Systematic Literature Review with Bibliometric Analysis. International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management. 2021;18(4):2097001. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219877020970019</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pulsiri N, Vatananan-Thesenvilz R. Drones in Emergency Medical Services: A Systematic Literature Review with Bibliometric Analysis. International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management. 2021;18(4):2097001. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219877020970019</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коннова Л.А., Бончук Г.И. Об истории беспилотных летательных аппаратов и перспективах их использования в практике спасательных работ. Российские беспилотники. 2018. URL: https://russiandrone.ru/publications/ob-istorii-bespilotnykh-letatelnykh-apparatov-i-perspektivakh-ikh-ispolzovaniya-v-praktike-spasateln/ [Дата обращения 20.08.2024]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Konnova LA, Bonchuk GI. Ob istorii bespilotnykh letatel’nykh apparatov i perspektivakh ikh ispol’zovaniya v praktike spasatel’nykh rabot. Rossiyskie bespilotniki. 2018. (In Russ.) Available at: https://russiandrone.ru/publications/ob-istorii-bespilotnykh-letatelnykh-apparatov-i-perspektivakh-ikh-ispolzovaniya-v-praktike-spasateln/ [Accessed Aug 20, 2024]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schaller A-A, Vatananan-Thesenvitz R, Pulsiri N, Schaller A-M. The Rise of digital business models: An Analysis of the knowledge base. In: 2019 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), (Portland, 25-29 August 2019). Portland, OR, USA;2019. pp. 609-621. https://doi.org/10.23919/picmet.2019.8893696</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schaller A-A, Vatananan-Thesenvitz R, Pulsiri N, Schaller A-M. The Rise of digital business models: An Analysis of the knowledge base. In: 2019 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), (Portland, 25-29 August 2019). Portland, OR, USA;2019. pp. 609-621. https://doi.org/10.23919/picmet.2019.8893696</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mairaj A, Baba A, Javaid A. Application specific drone simulators; Recent advances and challenges. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory. 2019;94(4):100–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simpat.2019.01.004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mairaj A, Baba A, Javaid A. Application specific drone simulators; Recent advances and challenges. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory. 2019;94(4):100–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simpat.2019.01.004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosser JB Jr, Parker BC, Vignesh V. Medical Applications of Drones for Disaster Relief: A Review of the Literature. Surg Technol Int. 2018;33:17–22. PMID: 30384393</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosser JB Jr, Parker BC, Vignesh V. Medical Applications of Drones for Disaster Relief: A Review of the Literature. Surg Technol Int. 2018;33:17–22. PMID: 30384393</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosser JC Jr, Vignesh V, Terwilliger BA, Parker BC. Surgical and Medical Applications of Drones: A Comprehensive Review. JSLS. 2018;22(3):e2018.00018. PMID: 30356360 https://doi.org/10.4293/JSLS.2018.00018</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosser JC Jr, Vignesh V, Terwilliger BA, Parker BC. Surgical and Medical Applications of Drones: A Comprehensive Review. JSLS. 2018;22(3):e2018.00018. PMID: 30356360 https://doi.org/10.4293/JSLS.2018.00018</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnson AM, Cunningham CJ, Arnold E, Rosamond WD, Zègre-Hemsey JK. Impact of Using Drones in Emergency Medicine: What Does the Future Hold? Open Access Emerg Med. 2021;13:487–498. PMID: 34815722 https://doi.org/10.2147/OAEM.S247020 eCollection 2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Johnson AM, Cunningham CJ, Arnold E, Rosamond WD, Zègre-Hemsey JK. Impact of Using Drones in Emergency Medicine: What Does the Future Hold? Open Access Emerg Med. 2021;13:487–498. PMID: 34815722 https://doi.org/10.2147/OAEM.S247020 eCollection 2021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Straubinger A, Michelmann J, Biehle T. Business model options for passenger urban air mobility. CEAS Aeronaut J. 2021;12(2):361–380. PMID: 33868510 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13272-021-00514-w</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Straubinger A, Michelmann J, Biehle T. Business model options for passenger urban air mobility. CEAS Aeronaut J. 2021;12(2):361–380. PMID: 33868510 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13272-021-00514-w</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferrão IG, Espes D, Dezan C, Branco KR. Security and Safety Concerns in Air Taxis: A Systematic Literature Review. Sensors (Basel). 2022;22(18):6875. PMID: 36146224 https://doi.org/10.3390/s22186875</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferrão IG, Espes D, Dezan C, Branco KR. Security and Safety Concerns in Air Taxis: A Systematic Literature Review. Sensors (Basel). 2022;22(18):6875. PMID: 36146224 https://doi.org/10.3390/s22186875</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ploetner KO, Al Haddad C, Antoniou C, Frank F, Fu M, Kabel S, et al. Long-term application potential of urban air mobility complementing public transport: an upper Bavaria example. CEAS Aeronaut J. 2020;11(4):991–1007. PMID: 33403052 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13272-020-00468-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ploetner KO, Al Haddad C, Antoniou C, Frank F, Fu M, Kabel S, et al. Long-term application potential of urban air mobility complementing public transport: an upper Bavaria example. CEAS Aeronaut J. 2020;11(4):991–1007. PMID: 33403052 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13272-020-00468-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Feldhoff E, Soares Roque G. Determining infrastructure requirements for an air taxi service at Cologne Bonn Airport. CEAS Aeronaut J. 2021;12(4):821–833. PMID: 34466167 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13272-021-00544-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Feldhoff E, Soares Roque G. Determining infrastructure requirements for an air taxi service at Cologne Bonn Airport. CEAS Aeronaut J. 2021;12(4):821–833. PMID: 34466167 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13272-021-00544-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Birrell S, Payre W, Zdanowicz K, Herriotts P. Urban air mobility infrastructure design: Using virtual reality to capture user experience within the world’s first urban airport. Appl Ergon. 2022;105:103843. PMID: 35810501 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103843</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Birrell S, Payre W, Zdanowicz K, Herriotts P. Urban air mobility infrastructure design: Using virtual reality to capture user experience within the world’s first urban airport. Appl Ergon. 2022;105:103843. PMID: 35810501 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103843</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rajendran S, Pagel E. Recommendations for emerging air taxi network operations based on online review analysis of helicopter services. Heliyon. 2020;6(12):e05581. PMID: 33305048 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05581 eCollection 2020 Dec.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rajendran S, Pagel E. Recommendations for emerging air taxi network operations based on online review analysis of helicopter services. Heliyon. 2020;6(12):e05581. PMID: 33305048 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05581 eCollection 2020 Dec.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li T, Hu H. Development of the Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in Emergency Rescue in China. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2021;14:4293–4299. PMID: 34703340 https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S323727 eCollection 2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li T, Hu H. Development of the Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in Emergency Rescue in China. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2021;14:4293–4299. PMID: 34703340 https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S323727 eCollection 2021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mohd Daud SMS, Mohd Yusof MYP, Heo CC, Khoo LS, Chainchel Singh MK, Mahmood MS, et al. Applications of drone in disaster management: A scoping review. Sci Justice. 2022;62(1):30–42. PMID: 35033326 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scijus.2021.11.002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mohd Daud SMS, Mohd Yusof MYP, Heo CC, Khoo LS, Chainchel Singh MK, Mahmood MS, et al. Applications of drone in disaster management: A scoping review. Sci Justice. 2022;62(1):30–42. PMID: 35033326 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scijus.2021.11.002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gross RJ. Complete evolution and history of drones: from 1800s to 2022. Available at: https://www.propelrc.com/history-of-drones/ [Accessed 20.08.2024]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gross RJ. Complete evolution and history of drones: from 1800s to 2022. Available at: https://www.propelrc.com/history-of-drones/ [Accessed 20.08.2024]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oh D, Han J. Smart Search System of Autonomous Flight UAVs for Disaster Rescue. Sensors (Basel). 2021;21(20):6810. PMID: 34696023 https://doi.org/10.3390/s21206810</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oh D, Han J. Smart Search System of Autonomous Flight UAVs for Disaster Rescue. Sensors (Basel). 2021;21(20):6810. PMID: 34696023 https://doi.org/10.3390/s21206810</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Seguin C, Blaquière G, Loundou A, Michelet P, Markarian T. Unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) to prevent drowning. Resuscitation. 2018;127:63–67. PMID: 29653153 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2018.04.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Seguin C, Blaquière G, Loundou A, Michelet P, Markarian T. Unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) to prevent drowning. Resuscitation. 2018;127:63–67. PMID: 29653153 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2018.04.005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim ML, Pevzner LD, Temkin IO. Development of automatic system for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) motion control for mine conditions. Mining Science and Technology (Russia). 2021;6(3):203–210. https://doi.org/10.17073/2500-0632-2021-3-203-210</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim ML, Pevzner LD, Temkin IO. Development of automatic system for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) motion control for mine conditions. Mining Science and Technology (Russia). 2021;6(3):203–210. https://doi.org/10.17073/2500-0632-2021-3-203-210</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karaca Y, Cicek M, Tatli O, Sahin A, Pasli S, Beser MF, et al. The potential use of unmanned aircraft systems (drones) in mountain search and rescue operations. Am J Emerg Med. 2018;36(4):583–588. PMID: 28928001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2017.09.025</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karaca Y, Cicek M, Tatli O, Sahin A, Pasli S, Beser MF, et al. The potential use of unmanned aircraft systems (drones) in mountain search and rescue operations. Am J Emerg Med. 2018;36(4):583–588. PMID: 28928001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2017.09.025</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cappello TD, Masè M, Falla M, Regli IB, Mejia-Aguilar A, Mayrgündter S, et al. Drones reduce the treatment-free interval in search and rescue operations with telemedical support – A randomized controlled trial. Am J Emerg Med. 2023;66:40–44. PMID: 36680868 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2023.01.020</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cappello TD, Masè M, Falla M, Regli IB, Mejia-Aguilar A, Mayrgündter S, et al. Drones reduce the treatment-free interval in search and rescue operations with telemedical support – A randomized controlled trial. Am J Emerg Med. 2023;66:40–44. PMID: 36680868 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2023.01.020</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van Veelen MJ, Voegele A, Rauch S, Kaufmann M, Brugger H, Strapazzon G. COVID-19 Pandemic in Mountainous Areas: Impact, Mitigation Strategies, and New Technologies in Search and Rescue Operations. High Alt Med Biol. 2021;22(3):335–341. PMID: 34319777 https://doi.org/10.1089/ham.2020.0216</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van Veelen MJ, Voegele A, Rauch S, Kaufmann M, Brugger H, Strapazzon G. COVID-19 Pandemic in Mountainous Areas: Impact, Mitigation Strategies, and New Technologies in Search and Rescue Operations. High Alt Med Biol. 2021;22(3):335–341. PMID: 34319777 https://doi.org/10.1089/ham.2020.0216</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Braun J, Gertz SD, Furer A, Bader T, Frenkel H, Chen J, et al. The promising future of drones in prehospital medical care and its application to battlefield medicine. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2019;87(1S Suppl 1):S28–S34. PMID: 31246903 https://doi.org/10.1097/TA.0000000000002221</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Braun J, Gertz SD, Furer A, Bader T, Frenkel H, Chen J, et al. The promising future of drones in prehospital medical care and its application to battlefield medicine. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2019;87(1S Suppl 1):S28–S34. PMID: 31246903 https://doi.org/10.1097/TA.0000000000002221</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yamazaki Y, Premachandra C, Perea CJ. Audio-Processing-Based human detection at disaster sites with unmanned aerial vehicle. IEEE Access. 2020;8:101398–101405. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2998776</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yamazaki Y, Premachandra C, Perea CJ. Audio-Processing-Based human detection at disaster sites with unmanned aerial vehicle. IEEE Access. 2020;8:101398–101405. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2998776</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Al-Naji A, Perera AG, Mohammed SL, Chahl J. Life Signs Detector Using a Drone in Disaster Zones. Remote Sensing. 2019;11(20):2441. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11202441</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al-Naji A, Perera AG, Mohammed SL, Chahl J. Life Signs Detector Using a Drone in Disaster Zones. Remote Sensing. 2019;11(20):2441. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11202441</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lygouras E, Santavas N, Taitzoglou A, Tarchanidis K, Mitropoulos A, Gasteratos A. Unsupervised Human Detection with an Embedded Vision System on a Fully Autonomous UAV for Search and Rescue Operations. Sensors (Basel). 2019;19(16):3542. PMID: 31416131 https://doi.org/10.3390/s19163542</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lygouras E, Santavas N, Taitzoglou A, Tarchanidis K, Mitropoulos A, Gasteratos A. Unsupervised Human Detection with an Embedded Vision System on a Fully Autonomous UAV for Search and Rescue Operations. Sensors (Basel). 2019;19(16):3542. PMID: 31416131 https://doi.org/10.3390/s19163542</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Handford C, Reeves F, Parker P. Prospective use of unmanned aerial vehicles for military medical evacuation in future conflicts. J R Army Med Corps. 2018;164(4):293–296. PMID: 29523753 https://doi.org/10.1136/jramc-2017-000890</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Handford C, Reeves F, Parker P. Prospective use of unmanned aerial vehicles for military medical evacuation in future conflicts. J R Army Med Corps. 2018;164(4):293–296. PMID: 29523753 https://doi.org/10.1136/jramc-2017-000890</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lu J, Wang X, Chen L, Sun X, Li R, Zhong W, et al. Unmanned aerial vehicle based intelligent triage system in mass-casualty incidents using 5G and artificial intelligence. World J Emerg Med. 2023;14(4):273–279. PMID: 37425090 https://doi.org/10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2023.066</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lu J, Wang X, Chen L, Sun X, Li R, Zhong W, et al. Unmanned aerial vehicle based intelligent triage system in mass-casualty incidents using 5G and artificial intelligence. World J Emerg Med. 2023;14(4):273–279. PMID: 37425090 https://doi.org/10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2023.066</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jain T, Sibley A, Stryhn H, Hublouc I. Comparison of unmanned aerial vehicle technology-assisted triage versus, standard practice in triaging casualties by paramedic students in a mass-casualty incident scenario. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(4):375–380. PMID: 30001765 https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049023X18000559</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jain T, Sibley A, Stryhn H, Hublouc I. Comparison of unmanned aerial vehicle technology-assisted triage versus, standard practice in triaging casualties by paramedic students in a mass-casualty incident scenario. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(4):375–380. PMID: 30001765 https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049023X18000559</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meshcheryakov RV, Trefilov PM, Chekhov AV, Diane SAK, Rusakov KD, Lesiv EA, et al. An application of swarm of quadcopters for searching operations. IFAC-PapersOnLine. 2019;52(25):14–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.12.438</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meshcheryakov RV, Trefilov PM, Chekhov AV, Diane SAK, Rusakov KD, Lesiv EA, et al. An application of swarm of quadcopters for searching operations. IFAC-PapersOnLine. 2019;52(25):14–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.12.438</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alotaibi ET, Alqefari SS, Koubaa A. LSAR: Multi-UAV collaboration for search and rescue missions. IEEE Acces. 2019;7:55817–55832. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2912306</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alotaibi ET, Alqefari SS, Koubaa A. LSAR: Multi-UAV collaboration for search and rescue missions. IEEE Acces. 2019;7:55817–55832. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2912306</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abrahamsen HB. A remotely piloted aircraft system in major incident management: concept and pilot, feasibility study. BMC Emerg Med. 2015;15:12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12873-015-0036-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abrahamsen HB. A remotely piloted aircraft system in major incident management: concept and pilot, feasibility study. BMC Emerg Med. 2015;15:12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12873-015-0036-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roberts NB, Ager A, Leith T, Lott I, Mason-Maready M, Nix T, et al. Current summary of the evidence in drone-based emergency medical services care. Resusc Plus. 2023;13:100347. PMID: 36654723 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resplu.2022.100347 eCollection 2023 Mar.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roberts NB, Ager A, Leith T, Lott I, Mason-Maready M, Nix T, et al. Current summary of the evidence in drone-based emergency medical services care. Resusc Plus. 2023;13:100347. PMID: 36654723 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resplu.2022.100347 eCollection 2023 Mar.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bogle B, Rosamond WD, Snyder KT, Zègre-Hemsey JK. The case for drone-assisted emergency response to cardiac arrest: an optimized statewide deployment approach. N C Med J. 2019;80(4):204–212. PMID: 31278178 https://doi.org/10.18043/ncm.80.4.204</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bogle B, Rosamond WD, Snyder KT, Zègre-Hemsey JK. The case for drone-assisted emergency response to cardiac arrest: an optimized statewide deployment approach. N C Med J. 2019;80(4):204–212. PMID: 31278178 https://doi.org/10.18043/ncm.80.4.204</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Banerjee P, Ganti L, Stead TG, Vera AE, Vittone R, Pepe PE. Every one-minute delay in EMS on-scene resuscitation after out-of-hospital pediatric cardiac arrest lowers ROSC by 5%. Resusc Plus. 2021;5:100062. PMID: 34223334 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resplu.2020.100062 eCollection 2021 Mar.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Banerjee P, Ganti L, Stead TG, Vera AE, Vittone R, Pepe PE. Every one-minute delay in EMS on-scene resuscitation after out-of-hospital pediatric cardiac arrest lowers ROSC by 5%. Resusc Plus. 2021;5:100062. PMID:  34223334  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resplu.2020.100062 eCollection 2021 Mar.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lim JCL, Loh N, Lam HH, Lee JW, Liu N, Yeo JW, et al. The Role of Drones in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Scoping Review. J Clin Med. 2022;11(19):5744. PMID: 36233610 https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195744</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lim JCL, Loh N, Lam HH, Lee JW, Liu N, Yeo JW, et al. The Role of Drones in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Scoping Review. J Clin Med. 2022;11(19):5744. PMID: 36233610 https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195744</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cheskes S, McLeod SL, Nolan M, Snobelen P, Vaillancourt C, Brooks SC, et al. Improving Access to Automated External Defibrillators in Rural and Remote Settings: A Drone Delivery Feasibility Study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9(14):e016687. PMID: 32627636 https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.120.016687</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cheskes S, McLeod SL, Nolan M, Snobelen P, Vaillancourt C, Brooks SC, et al. Improving Access to Automated External Defibrillators in Rural and Remote Settings: A Drone Delivery Feasibility Study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9(14):e016687. PMID: 32627636 https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.120.016687</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ryan JP. The feasibility of medical unmanned aerial systems in suburban areas. Am J Emerg Med. 2021;50:532–545. PMID: 34543836 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2021.08.064</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ryan JP. The feasibility of medical unmanned aerial systems in suburban areas. Am J Emerg Med. 2021;50:532–545. PMID: 34543836 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2021.08.064</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Robakowska M, Ślęzak D, Żuratyński P, Tyrańska-Fobke A, Robakowski P, Prędkiewicz P, et al. Possibilities of Using UAVs in Pre-Hospital Security for Medical Emergencies. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(17):10754. PMID: 36078469 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710754</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Robakowska M, Ślęzak D, Żuratyński P, Tyrańska-Fobke A, Robakowski P, Prędkiewicz P, et al. Possibilities of Using UAVs in Pre-Hospital Security for Medical Emergencies. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(17):10754.  PMID:  36078469  https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710754</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mao R, Du B, Sun D, Kong N. Optimizing a UAV-based emergency medical service network for trauma injury patients. In: IEEE 15th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE), (Vancouver, BC, Canada, 22-26 August 2019). Vancouver; 2019. p. 721–726. https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2019.8843138</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mao R, Du B, Sun D, Kong N. Optimizing a UAV-based emergency medical service network for trauma injury patients. In: IEEE 15th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE), (Vancouver, BC, Canada, 22-26 August 2019). Vancouver; 2019. p. 721–726. https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2019.8843138</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fischer P, Rohrer U, Nürnberger P, Manninger M, Scherr D, von Lewinski D, et al. Automated external defibrillator delivery bydrone in mountainous regions to support basic life support – A simulation study. Resusc Plus. 2023;14:100384. PMID: 37091925 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resplu.2023.100384 eCollection 2023 Jun.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fischer P, Rohrer U, Nürnberger P, Manninger M, Scherr D, von Lewinski D, et al. Automated external defibrillator delivery bydrone in mountainous regions to support basic life support – A simulation study. Resusc Plus. 2023;14:100384. PMID: 37091925 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resplu.2023.100384 eCollection 2023 Jun.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Homier V, Brouard D, Nolan M, Roy M-A, Pelletier P, McDonald M, et al. Drone versus ground delivery of simulated blood products to an urban trauma center: The Montreal Medi-Drone pilot study. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2020;90(3):515–521. PMID: 33017356 https://doi.org/10.1097/TA.0000000000002961</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Homier V, Brouard D, Nolan M, Roy M-A, Pelletier P, McDonald M, et al. Drone versus ground delivery of simulated blood products to an urban trauma center: The Montreal Medi-Drone pilot study. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2020;90(3):515–521. PMID: 33017356 https://doi.org/10.1097/TA.0000000000002961</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scalea JR, Restaino S, Scassero M, Blankenship G, Bartlett ST, Wereley N. An Initial Investigation of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) and Real-Time Organ Status Measurement for Transporting Human Organs. IEEE J Transl Eng Health Med. 2018;6:4000107. PMID: 30464862 https://doi.org/10.1109/JTEHM.2018.2875704 еCollection 2018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scalea JR, Restaino S, Scassero M, Blankenship G, Bartlett ST, Wereley N. An Initial Investigation of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) and Real-Time Organ Status Measurement for Transporting Human Organs. IEEE J Transl Eng Health Med. 2018;6:4000107. PMID: 30464862 https://doi.org/10.1109/JTEHM.2018.2875704 еCollection 2018.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yakushiji K, Fujita H, Murata M, Hiroi N, Hamabe Y, Yakushiji F. Short-range transportation using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) during disasters in Japan. Drones. 2020;4(4):68. https://doi.org/10.3390/drones4040068</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yakushiji K, Fujita H, Murata M, Hiroi N, Hamabe Y, Yakushiji F. Short-range transportation using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) during disasters in Japan. Drones. 2020;4(4):68. https://doi.org/10.3390/drones4040068</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumar A, Sharma K, Singh H, Naugriya SG, Gill SS, Buyya R. A drone-based networked system and methods for combating coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Future Gener Comput Syst. 2021;115:1–19. PMID: 32895585 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2020.08.046</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kumar A, Sharma K, Singh H, Naugriya SG, Gill SS, Buyya R. A drone-based networked system and methods for combating coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Future Gener Comput Syst. 2021;115:1–19. PMID: 32895585 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2020.08.046</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tejativaddbana P, Suriyawongpaisal W, Kasemsup V, Suksaroj T. The roles of village health volunteers: COVID-19 prevention and control in Thailand. Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management. 2020;15(3):18–22. https://doi.org/10.24083/apjhm.v15i3.477</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tejativaddbana P, Suriyawongpaisal W, Kasemsup V, Suksaroj T. The roles of village health volunteers: COVID-19 prevention and control in Thailand. Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management. 2020;15(3):18–22. https://doi.org/10.24083/apjhm.v15i3.477</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chamola V, Hassija V, Gupta V, Guizani M. A comprehensive review of the COVID-19 pandemic and the role of IoT, drones, AI, blockchain, and 5G in managing its impact. IEEE Access. 2020;8:90225-90265. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2992341</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chamola V, Hassija V, Gupta V, Guizani M. A comprehensive review of the COVID-19 pandemic and the role of IoT, drones, AI, blockchain, and 5G in managing its impact. IEEE Access. 2020;8:90225-90265. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2992341</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kotlinski M, Calkowska JK. U-Space and UTM Deployment as an Opportunity for More Complex UAV Operations Including UAV Medical Transport. J Intell Robot Syst. 2022;106(1):12. PMID: 36039343 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10846-022-01681-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kotlinski M, Calkowska JK. U-Space and UTM Deployment as an Opportunity for More Complex UAV Operations Including UAV Medical Transport. J Intell Robot Syst. 2022;106(1):12. PMID: 36039343 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10846-022-01681-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vatananan-Thesenvitz R, Schaller A-A, Shannon RA. Bibbometric review of the knowledge base for innovation in sustainable development. Sustainability. 2019;11(20):5783–5805. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11205783</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vatananan-Thesenvitz R, Schaller A-A, Shannon RA. Bibbometric review of the knowledge base for innovation in sustainable development. Sustainability.  2019;11(20):5783–5805.  https://doi.org/10.3390/su11205783</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boedecker H. The 2021 Drone Regulation-What is new? What is planned? Drone Market 2021. URL: https://droneii.com/the-2021-drone-regulation-what-is-new-what-is-planned</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boedecker H. The 2021 Drone Regulation-What is new? What is planned? Drone Market 2021. URL: https://droneii.com/the-2021-drone-regulation-what-is-new-what-is-planned</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lin CF, Lin TJ, Liao WS, Lan H, Lin JY, Chin CH, et al. Solar power can substantially prolong maximum achievable airtime of quadcopler drones. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2020;7(20):2001497. PMID: 33101858 https://doi.org/10.1002/adv.202001497 eCollection 2020 Oct.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lin CF, Lin TJ, Liao WS, Lan H, Lin JY, Chin CH, et al. Solar power can substantially prolong maximum achievable airtime of quadcopler drones. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2020;7(20):2001497. PMID: 33101858 https://doi.org/10.1002/adv.202001497 eCollection 2020 Oct.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Basheer AA. Advances in the smart materials applications in the aerospace industries. Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology. 2020;92(7):1027–1035. https://doi.org/10.1108/aeat-02-2020-0040</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Basheer AA. Advances in the smart materials applications in the aerospace industries. Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology. 2020;92(7):1027–1035. https://doi.org/10.1108/aeat-02-2020-0040</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фаттахов М.Р., Киреев А.В., Клещ В.С. Рынок беспилотных авиационных систем в России: состояние и особенности функционирования в макроэкономических условиях 2022 года. Вопросы инновационной экономики. 2022;12(4):2507–2528. https://doi.org/10.18334/vinec.12.4.116912</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fattakhov MR, Kireev AV, Kleshch VS. The market of unmanned aircraft systems in Russia: status and characteristics of functioning in the macroeconomic environment of 2022. Russian Journal of Innovation Economics. 2022;12(4):2507–2528. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18334/vinec.12.4.116912.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
