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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9022</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23934/2223-9022-2024-13-3-410-418</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nmp-1927</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Инфекции области хирургического вмешательства: факторы риска множественной антибиотикорезистентности в абдоминальной хирургии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Surgical Site Infections: Risk Factors for Multiple Antibiotic Resistance in Abdominal Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1050-7716</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паршин</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parshin</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Паршин Дмитрий Сергеевич, доктор медицинских наук, доцент кафедры общей хирургии с курсом последипломного образования ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский ГМУ» МЗ РФ</p><p>414000, Астрахань, ул. Бакинская, д. 121</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy S. Parshin, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Assistant Professor, Department of General Surgery with Postgraduate Education Course</p><p>Bakinskaya Str. 121, Astrakhan, 414000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">parshin.doc@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Топчиев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Topchiev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Топчиев Михаил Андреевич доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой общей хирургии с курсом последипломного образования ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский ГМУ» МЗ РФ</p><p>414000, Астрахань, ул. Бакинская, д. 121</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Topchiev, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Full Professor, Head, Department of General Surgery with Postgraduate Education Course</p><p>Bakinskaya Str. 121, Astrakhan, 414000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">topchievma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1466-8541</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Астахин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Astakhin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Астахин Владимир Александрович, аспирант кафедры общей хирургии с курсом последипломного образования ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский ГМУ» МЗ РФ</p><p>414000, Астрахань, ул. Бакинская, д. 121</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Astakhin, Postgraduate student, Department of General Surgery with Postgraduate Education Course</p><p>Bakinskaya Str. 121, Astrakhan, 414000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">astakhin93@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9046-9977</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чечухина</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chechukhina</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чечухина Ольга Борисовна, заведующая клинической лабораторией ГБУЗ АО «ГКБ № 3 им. С.М. Кирова»</p><p>414038, Астрахань, ул. Хибинская, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga B. Chechukhina, Head, Clinical Laboratory</p><p>Khibinskaya Str. 2, Astrakhan, 414038</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">laboratoria-gkb3@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5537-3961</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнягина</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnyagina</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирнягина Елена Олеговна, врач-микробиолог ГБУЗ АО «ГКБ № 3 им. С.М. Кирова»</p><p>414038, Астрахань, ул. Хибинская, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena O. Smirnyagina, Microbiologist, Clinical Laboratory</p><p>Khibinskaya Str. 2, Astrakhan, 414038</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7142-8473</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Равский</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ravskiy</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Равский Евгений Николаевич, ассистент кафедры общей хирургии с курсом последипломного образования ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский ГМУ» МЗ РФ</p><p>414038, Астрахань, ул. Хибинская, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny N. Ravskiy, Assistant, Department of General Surgery with Postgraduate Education Course</p><p>Khibinskaya Str. 2, Astrakhan, 414038</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rafon30rus@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный медицинский университет» МЗ РФ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Astrakhan State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ Астраханской области «Городская клиническая больница № 3 им. С.М. Кирова»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">S.M. Kirov Astrakhan Region City Clinical Hospital No. 3<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>410</fpage><lpage>418</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Паршин Д.С., Топчиев М.А., Астахин В.А., Чечухина О.Б., Смирнягина Е.О., Равский Е.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Паршин Д.С., Топчиев М.А., Астахин В.А., Чечухина О.Б., Смирнягина Е.О., Равский Е.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Parshin D.S., Topchiev M.A., Astakhin V.A., Chechukhina O.B., Smirnyagina E.O., Ravskiy E.N.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1927">https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1927</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Микроорганизмы с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью (МЛУ) все чаще становятся серьезной инфекцией области хирургического вмешательства (ИОХВ), однако, клинические исходы и факторы риска, связанные с резистентными патогенами, в общей хирургии до настоящего времени плохо изучены.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Изучение факторов риска и последствий инфекций у пациентов с ИОХВ, вызванных антибиотикорезистентными патогенами с МЛУ.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ. Проведено одноцентровое ретроспективное исследование «случай-контроль». Анализированы результаты обследования и лечения 50 больных ИОХВ+МЛУ, составивших основную группу, и двух контрольных групп — ИОХВ без МЛУ и без ИОХВ по 50 пациентов. Всего использованы 38 риск-факторов: пред- и операционные критерии, клинические, биохимические, инструментальные данные, послеоперационные осложнения и особенности лечения. Изучен микробный пейзаж при ИОХВ+МЛУ. Проведен одно- и многофакторный анализ, выполнена бинарная и мультиномиальная логистическая регрессия. Величины p&lt;0,05 были признаны статистически значимыми при доверительном интервале 95%.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Достоверными риск-факторами оказались: предшествующая госпитализация, предшествующая антибиотикотерапия, сроки предоперационного пребывания больного в отделении, экстренная операция, класс операции, снижение соотношения общей щелочной фосфатазы/кишечной щелочной фосфатазы, индекс эффективности микроциркуляции и энтерального морфофункционального коэффициента (p&lt;0,01); повышенный балл ASA, ожирение, низкий уровень белков плазмы, альбумина, (р&lt;0,05). Среди патогенов было больше грамотрицательных энтеробактерий (61%), чем грамположительных (30,5%). Escherichia coli (36,3%) была наиболее часто выделяемой бактерией, за ней следовали Enterococcus faecium (9,09%), Morganella morganii (7,58%), Staphylococcus aureus (6%) и Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6%). При SSSI превалировали Staphylococcus spp. (&gt;80%), DSSI — Echerichia, Acinetobacter (&gt;70%), а при OSSSI — Enterobacter spp., Acinetobacter и Citrobacter (&gt;90%). Инфекции области экстренного хирургического вмешательства с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью характеризовались серьезными хирургическими осложнениями (класс III–V по Clavien–Dindo), расхождением швов и OSSSI, повторными операциями (р&lt;0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>ВЫВОДЫ</title><p>ВЫВОДЫ. 1. Первостепенными факторами риска возникновения множественной антибиотикорезистентности являлись: предшествующая госпитализация, предшествующая антибиотикотерапия, сроки предоперационного пребывания больного в отделении, экстренная операция, класс операции, снижение соотношения общей щелочной фосфатазы/кишечной щелочной фосфатазы, индекса эффективности микроциркуляции и энтерального морфофункционального коэффициента. Кроме вышеперечисленных большое значение также имели: повышенный балл ASA, ожирение, низкий уровень белков плазмы, альбумина.</p></sec><sec><title>2</title><p>2. При выявлении факторов риска множественной антибиотикорезистентности у экстренных хирургических пациентов можно прогнозировать развитие тяжелых послеоперационных осложнений, сепсиса и полиорганной недостаточности.</p></sec><sec><title>3</title><p>3. Периоперационные лечебно-профилактические мероприятия требуют мультидисциплинарного подхода с привлечением микробиолога, фармаколога, иммунолога, специалиста по питанию, а также других эксперт-консультантов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms are increasingly becoming a major surgical site infection (SSI); however, the clinical outcomes and risk factors associated with resistant pathogens in general surgery remain poorly understood.</p><p>THE AIM of the present research is to study the risk factors and consequences of infections in patients with SSI caused by antibiotic resistant pathogens with MDR.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIAL AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIAL AND METHODS. A single-center, retrospective case-control study was carried out. The results of the examination and treatment of 50 patients with SSI + MDR, who made up the main group, and two control groups — non-MDR SSI and no SSI, 50 patients each, were analyzed. A total of 38 risk factors were used: pre- and surgical criteria, clinical, biochemical, instrumental data, postoperative complications and treatment features. The microbial landscape was studied in SSI+MDR. Single- and multivariate analysis was carried out, binary and multinomial logistic regression was performed. P-values &lt;0.05 were considered significant at 95% CI.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. Significant risk factors were as follows: previous hospitalization, previous antibiotic therapy, terms of preoperative stay of the patient in the department, emergency surgery, class of surgery, decrease in the ratio of ALP/ ALPI, MEI and EMFC (p&lt;0.01); elevated ASA score, obesity, low levels of plasma proteins and albumin, (p&lt;0.05). Among the pathogens, there were more gram-negative enterobacteria (61%) than gram-positive ones (30.5%). Escherichia coli (36.3%) was the most commonly found bacterium, followed by Enterococcus faecium (9.09%), Morganella morganii (7.58%), Staphylococcus aureus (6%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6%). In SSSI, Staphylococcus spp. prevailed. (&gt;80%); in DSSI — Echerichia, Acinetobacter (&gt;70%); and in OSSSI — Enterobacter spp., Acinetobacter and Citrobacter (&gt;90%). SSI+MDR were characterized by serious surgical complications (Clavien Dindo Classification grade 3–5), wound dehiscences and OSSSI, reoperations (p&lt;0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION. 1. The primary risk factors for multiple antibiotic resistance were as follows: previous hospitalization, previous antibiotic therapy, the duration of the patient’s preoperative stay in the department, emergency surgery, surgery class, reduced ALP/ALPI ratio, MEI and EMFC. In addition to the above, the following were also of great importance: increased ASA score, obesity, low plasma proteins, albumin.</p></sec><sec><title>2</title><p>2. When identifying risk factors for multiple antibiotic resistance in surgical patients, the development of severe postoperative complications, sepsis and multiple organ failure can be predicted.</p></sec><sec><title>3</title><p>3. Perioperative medical and preventive measures require a multidisciplinary approach involving the microbiologist, pharmacologist, immunologist, nutrition specialist, and other expert consultants.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антибиотикорезистентность</kwd><kwd>инфекции области хирургического вмешательства</kwd><kwd>факторы риска хирургической инфекции</kwd><kwd>абдоминальная хирургия</kwd><kwd>множественная лекарственная устойчивость микроорганизмов</kwd><kwd>множественная антибиотикорезистентность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antibiotic resistance</kwd><kwd>surgical site infections</kwd><kwd>risk factors for surgical infection</kwd><kwd>abdominal surgery</kwd><kwd>multidrug resistance of microorganisms</kwd><kwd>multiple antibiotic resistance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">de Souza FHB, Couto BRGM, da Conceição FLA, da Silva GHS, Dias IG, Rigueira RVM, et al. 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