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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9022</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23934/2223-9022-2023-12-4-683-689</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nmp-1733</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аутоиммунный энцефалит. Анализ серии случаев</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Autoimmune Encephalitis. An Analysis of Three Cases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6824-4114</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рамазанов</surname><given-names>Г. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ramazanov</surname><given-names>G. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ганипа Рамазанович Рамазанов, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий научным отделением</p><p>научное отделение неотложной неврологии и восстановительного лечения</p><p>129090</p><p>Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ganipa R. Ramazanov, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department</p><p>Laboratory of Automated Control System for the Diagnostic and Treatment Process</p><p>Scientific Department of Emergency Neurology and Rehabilitation</p><p>129090</p><p>3, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ramasanovgr@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9750-3509</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевченко</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevchenko</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Владимирович Шевченко, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>научное отделение неотложной неврологии и восстановительного лечения</p><p>129090</p><p>Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy V. Shevchenko, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher</p><p>Laboratory of Automated Control System for the Diagnostic and Treatment Process</p><p>Scientific Department of Emergency Neurology and Rehabilitation</p><p>129090</p><p>3, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shevchenkoev@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7556-4933</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бардина</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bardina</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Михайловна Бардина, врач-невролог</p><p>научное отделение неотложной неврологии и восстановительного лечения</p><p>неврологическое отделение для больных с острыми нарушениями мозгового кровообращения</p><p>129090</p><p>Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena M. Bardina, Neurologist</p><p>Laboratory of Automated Control System for the Diagnostic and Treatment Process</p><p>Neurological Department for Patients with Acute Cerebrovascular Accidents</p><p>129090</p><p>3, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bardinaem@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9788-592X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коригова</surname><given-names>Х. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korigova</surname><given-names>Kh. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хеди Валерьевна Коригова, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>научное отделение неотложной неврологии и восстановительного лечения</p><p>129090</p><p>Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khedi V. Korigova, Junior Researcher</p><p>Laboratory of Automated Control System for the Diagnostic and Treatment Process</p><p>Scientific Department of Emergency Neurology and Rehabilitation</p><p>129090</p><p>3, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">korigovakv@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8490-1417</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалева</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovaleva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Элла Александровна Ковалева, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>научное отделение неотложной неврологии и восстановительного лечения</p><p>129090</p><p>Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ella A. Kovaleva, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher</p><p>Laboratory of Automated Control System for the Diagnostic and Treatment Process</p><p>Scientific Department of Emergency Neurology and Rehabilitation</p><p>129090</p><p>3, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kovalevaea@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8096-5029</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахматханова</surname><given-names>Л. Х.-Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmatkhanova</surname><given-names>L. Kh.-B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лиана Хаваж-Баудиновна Ахматханова, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>научное отделение неотложной неврологии и восстановительного лечения</p><p>129090</p><p>Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liana Kh.-B. Akhmatkhanova, Junior Researcher</p><p>Laboratory of Automated Control System for the Diagnostic and Treatment Process</p><p>Scientific Department of Emergency Neurology and Rehabilitation</p><p>129090</p><p>3, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akhmatkhanovalkb@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2827-8323</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алиев</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aliev</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илгар Садыхович Алиев, кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>научное отделение неотложной неврологии и восстановительного лечения</p><p>129090</p><p>Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilgar S. Aliev, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Leading Researcher</p><p>Laboratory of Automated Control System for the Diagnostic and Treatment Process</p><p>Scientific Department of Emergency Neurology and Rehabilitation</p><p>129090</p><p>3, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alievis@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5026-0060</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синкин</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinkin</surname><given-names>M. V</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Владимирович Синкин, доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>научное отделение неотложной неврологии и восстановительного лечения</p><p>129090</p><p>Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail V. Sinkin, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Leading Researcher</p><p>Laboratory of Automated Control System for the Diagnostic and Treatment Process</p><p>Scientific Department of Emergency Neurosurgery</p><p>129090</p><p>3, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sinkinmv@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>683</fpage><lpage>689</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рамазанов Г.Р., Шевченко Е.В., Бардина Е.М., Коригова Х.В., Ковалева Э.А., Ахматханова Л.Х., Алиев И.С., Синкин М.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рамазанов Г.Р., Шевченко Е.В., Бардина Е.М., Коригова Х.В., Ковалева Э.А., Ахматханова Л.Х., Алиев И.С., Синкин М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ramazanov G.R., Shevchenko E.V., Bardina E.M., Korigova K.V., Kovaleva E.A., Akhmatkhanova L.K., Aliev I.S., Sinkin M.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1733">https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1733</self-uri><abstract><p>   Диагностика заболеваний из группы аутоиммунных энцефалитов (АЭ) требует детального анализа клинических данных и сопоставления результатов широкого круга средств лабораторных и инструментальных методов исследования. В данной статье представлены три клинических наблюдения пациентов с АЭ. У одного пациента АЭ был ассоциирован со злокачественным новообразованием, у другого — с новой коронавирусной инфекцией, и у одного больного не обнаружили коморбидной патологии. Уточнить вид энцефалита удалось у каждого из трех пациентов. Диагнозь «Аутоиммунный лимбический энцефалит» был установлен двум больным в связи с визуализацией изменений от медиальных височных структур при магнитно-резонансной томографии головного мозга, обнаружением патологической биоэлектрической активности коры височной доли при электроэнцефалографии, плеоцитозом в цереброспинальной жидкости. Диагноз «Анти-NMDA-рецепторный энцефалит» был установлен на основании выявления специфических антител к субъединице одноименного рецептора. Регресс неврологического дефицита наблюдали после применения комбинированных методов иммунной терапии у двоих пациентов и без применения иммунной терапии — у одного пациента.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   The diagnosis of diseases from the group of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) requires a detailed analysis of clinical data and correlation of results from a wide range of laboratory and instrumental research methods. This article presents three clinical cases of patients with AE. In one patient, AE was associated with a malignant neoplasm, in the second one – with the novel coronavirus infection, and in the third patient, no comorbid pathology was detected. The specific type of encephalitis was determined for each of the three patients. The diagnosis of “autoimmune limbic encephalitis” was established in two patients based on visualization of changes in the medial temporal structures in the magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, detection of pathological bioelectrical activity in the temporal lobe cortex in electroencephalography, and pleocytosis in cerebrospinal fluid. The diagnosis of “anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis” was made based on the detection of specific antibodies to the subunit of the corresponding receptor. Neurological deficit regression was observed in two patients after the application of combined immune therapy methods and in one patient without the use of immune therapy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аутоиммунный</kwd><kwd>анти-NMDA-рецепторный</kwd><kwd>лимбический энцефалит</kwd><kwd>аутоантитела</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>электроэнцефалография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>autoimmune</kwd><kwd>anti-NMDA receptor</kwd><kwd>limbic encephalitis</kwd><kwd>autoantibodies</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>electroencephalography</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование не имеет спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The study has no sponsorship</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Graus F, Titulaer MJ, Balu R, Benseler S, Bien CG, Cellucci T, et al. 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