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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9022</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23934/2223-9022-2023-12-4-584-591</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nmp-1721</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Компрессионный гемостаз при рефрактерном пищеводном кровотечении</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Compression Hemostasis in Refractory Esophageal Bleeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4156-434X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анисимов</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anisimov</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Юрьевич Анисимов, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корр. РАЕН, заведующий кафедрой</p><p>Институт фундаментальной медицины и биологии</p><p>Высшая школы медицины</p><p>Центр медицины и фармации</p><p>кафедра неотложной медицинской помощи и симуляционной медицины</p><p>420008</p><p>ул. Кремлевская, д. 18</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey Yu. Anisimov, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Corresponding Member RANS, Head of the Department</p><p>Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology</p><p>Higher School of Medicine</p><p>Center of Medicine and Pharmacy</p><p>Department of Emergency Medical Care and Simulation Medicine</p><p>420008</p><p>18, Kremlyovskaya Str.</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aanisimovbsmp@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0788-9845</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ибрагимов</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ibragimov</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ринат Абдулкабирович Ибрагимов, доцент</p><p>Институт фундаментальной медицины и биологии</p><p>Высшая школы медицины</p><p>Центр медицины и фармации</p><p>кафедра неотложной медицинской помощи и симуляционной медицины</p><p>420008</p><p>ул. Кремлевская, д. 18</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rinat A. Ibragimov, Associate Professor</p><p>Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology</p><p>Higher School of Medicine</p><p>Center of Medicine and Pharmacy</p><p>Department of Emergency Medical Care and Simulation Medicine</p><p>420008</p><p>18, Kremlyovskaya Str.</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rinatibr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3780-5243</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мансурова</surname><given-names>Г. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mansurova</surname><given-names>G. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гюзель Шамилевна Мансурова, доцент</p><p>Институт фундаментальной медицины и биологии</p><p>Высшая школы медицины</p><p>Центр медицины и фармации</p><p>кафедра неотложной медицинской помощи и симуляционной медицины</p><p>420008</p><p>ул. Кремлевская, д. 18</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Guzel Sh. Mansurova, Associate Professor</p><p>Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology</p><p>Higher School of Medicine</p><p>Center of Medicine and Pharmacy</p><p>Department of Emergency Medical Care and Simulation Medicine</p><p>420008</p><p>18, Kremlyovskaya Str.</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gsmansurova@kpfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7459-9878</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Залялов</surname><given-names>Р. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zalyalov</surname><given-names>R. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рамиль Камилевич Залялов, заведующий отделением</p><p>Институт фундаментальной медицины и биологии</p><p>Высшая школы медицины</p><p>Центр медицины и фармации</p><p>кафедра неотложной медицинской помощи и симуляционной медицины</p><p>Медико-санитарная часть</p><p>отделение эндоскопии</p><p>420008</p><p>ул. Кремлевская, д. 18</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ramil K. Zalyalov, Head of the Department </p><p>Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology</p><p>Higher School of Medicine</p><p>Center of Medicine and Pharmacy</p><p>Department of Emergency Medical Care and Simulation Medicine</p><p>Medical and Sanitary Unit</p><p>Endoscopy Department</p><p>420008</p><p>18, Kremlyovskaya Str.</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">romazzol@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>584</fpage><lpage>591</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Анисимов А.Ю., Ибрагимов Р.А., Мансурова Г.Ш., Залялов Р.К., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Анисимов А.Ю., Ибрагимов Р.А., Мансурова Г.Ш., Залялов Р.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Anisimov A.Y., Ibragimov R.A., Mansurova G.S., Zalyalov R.K.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1721">https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1721</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ</title><p>   АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ. Эффективность и безопасность компрессионного гемостаза пищеводными саморасширяющимися нитиноловыми стентами Danis по сравнению с зондом-обтуратором Sengstaken–Blakemore в лечебной программе рефрактерного пищеводного кровотечения до сих пор остается дискуссионной проблемой.</p></sec><sec><title>   ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</title><p>   ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Провести сравнительный анализ эффективности компрессионного гемостаза саморасширяющимся нитиноловым стентом Danis и зондом-обтуратором Sengstaken–Blakemore при варикозном пищеводном кровотечении, рефрактерным к медикаментозному и эндоскопическому лечению.</p></sec><sec><title>   МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>   МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ. В первую группу сравнения вошли 44 пациента, в комплексной программе лечения которых для спасения жизни использовали тампонаду зондом-обтуратором Sengstaken–Blakemore. Вторую основную группу исследования составили 15 пациентов, у которых компрессионный гемостаз был выполнен с помощью саморасширяющегося нитинолового стента Danis. Статистическую обработку проводили с использованием критериев Колмогорова–Смирнова, Стьюдента, χ2 и точного критерия Фишера. Отличия считали статистически значимыми при p ≤ 0,05.</p></sec><sec><title>   РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>   РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. В группе сравнения осложнения возникли у 44 (100 %), в основной группе — у 8 пациентов (53,3 %). Соответственно, надежный механический гемостаз был достигнут в 33 (75,0 %) и в 13 клинических наблюдениях (86,7 %); трофические изменения слизистой оболочки пищевода были выявлены у 12 (27,2 %) и 8 пациентов (53,3 %); при оценке функции внешнего дыхания были установлены 5-я и 2-я степени снижения вентиляционной способности легких, а также 3-я и 1-я степени снижения жизненной емкости легких. Общая летальность в группе сравнения составила 56,8 %, в основной группе — 26,7 %.</p></sec><sec><title>   ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>   ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Компрессионный гемостаз саморасширяющимся нитиноловым стентом Danis в качестве моста до выбора окончательного метода терапии по сравнению с тампонадой зондом-обтуратором Sengstaken–Blakemore является перспективным альтернативным методом лечения первой линии у пациентов с рефрактерным пищеводным кровотечением. В то же время необходимо проведение рандомизированных контролируемых исследований для подтверждения безопасности и эффективности саморасширяющихся нитиноловых стентов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   RELEVANCE</title><p>   RELEVANCE. Efficiency and safety of compression hemostasis with esophageal self-expanding nitinol stents Danis compared to the Sengstaken–Blakemore tube in the treatment program of refractory esophageal bleeding still remains a controversial issue.</p></sec><sec><title>   AIM OF THE STUDY</title><p>   AIM OF THE STUDY. To conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of Danis self-expanding compression hemostasis nitinol stent and the Sengstaken-Blakemore tube for variceal esophageal bleeding refractory to drug and endoscopic treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>   MATERIAL AND METHODS</title><p>   MATERIAL AND METHODS. The first comparison group included 44 patients, in whose complex treatment program tamponade with a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube was used to save lives. The second main group of the study consisted of 15 patients in whom compression hemostasis was performed using Danis self-expanding nitinol stent. Statistical processing was carried out using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Student, χ2 and Fisher exact tests. Differences were considered statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05.</p></sec><sec><title>   RESULTS</title><p>   RESULTS. In the comparison group, complications occurred in 44 (100 %), in the main group complications were observed in 8 patients (53.3 %). Accordingly, reliable mechanical hemostasis was achieved in 33 (75.0 %) and 13 clinical observations (86.7 %); trophic changes in the esophageal mucosa were detected in 12 (27.2 %) and 8 patients (53.3 %). When assessing the function of external respiration, 5th and 2nd degrees of decrease in the ventilation capacity of the lungs, as well as 3rd and 1st degrees of decrease in the vital capacity of the lungs were established. The overall mortality was 56.8 % in the comparison group and 26.7 % in the main group.</p></sec><sec><title>   CONCLUSION</title><p>   CONCLUSION. Self-expanding compression hemostasis nitinol stent Danis as a bridge to the choice of definitive therapy compared to tamponade with the Sengstaken–Blakemore tube is a promising alternative first-line treatment for patients with refractory esophageal bleeding. At the same time, it is necessary to conduct randomized controlled studies to confirm the safety and effectiveness of self-expanding nitinol stents.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>портальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>рефрактерное пищеводное кровотечение</kwd><kwd>компрессионный гемостаз</kwd><kwd>саморасширяющийся нитиноловый стент</kwd><kwd>зонд-обтуратор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>portal hypertension</kwd><kwd>refractory esophageal bleeding</kwd><kwd>compression hemostasis</kwd><kwd>self-expanding nitinol stent</kwd><kwd>tube</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование не имеет спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The study had no sponsorship</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Экк Н.В. 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