nmpЖурнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"2223-90222541-8017“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”10.23934/2223-9022-2023-12-3-428-434nmp-1675Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWSИммунологические аспекты патогенеза развития стриктуры трахеиImmunological Aspects of the Pathogenesis of Cicatricial Tracheal Stenosishttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7088-8645ВладимироваЕ. С.VladimirovaE. S.

Владимирова Елизавета Семеновна - доктор медицинских наук, научный консультант торакального хирургического отделения,

129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3

Elizaveta S. Vladimirova - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Scientific Consultant, Thoracic Surgical Department,

3, B. Sukharevskaya Sq., 129090, Moscow

prisma06@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6811-6809НикулинаВ. П.NikulinaV. P.

Никулина Валентина Петровна кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической иммунологии,

129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3

Valentina P. Nikulina - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology,

3, B. Sukharevskaya Sq., 129090, Moscow

sa-to@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9612-6705ГодковМ. А.GodkovM. A.

Годков Михаил Андреевич - доктор медицинских наук, заведующий научным отделом лабораторной диагностики,

129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3

Mikhail A. Godkov - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics,

3, B. Sukharevskaya Sq., 129090, Moscow

mgodkov@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9395-7578КашолкинаЕ. А.KasholkinaE. A.

Кашолкина Елена Александровна - врач клинической лабораторной диагностики, лаборатория клинической иммунологии,

129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3

Elena A. Kasholkina - Specialist in Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics,

3, B. Sukharevskaya Sq., 129090, Moscow

e.kasholkina@yandex.ruГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»РоссияN.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency MedicineRussian Federation202323112023123428434Copyright © Владимирова Е.С., Никулина В.П., Годков М.А., Кашолкина Е.А., 20232023Владимирова Е.С., Никулина В.П., Годков М.А., Кашолкина Е.А.Vladimirova E.S., Nikulina V.P., Godkov M.A., Kasholkina E.A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1675

Рубцовый стеноз трахеи довольно частое осложнение, возникающее после интубации трахеи или наложения трахеостомы. Однако критический стеноз трахеи наблюдается редко, иногда не связан с травмой и, вероятно, обусловлен особенностями иммунного ответа пациента при развитии стеноза. В связи с этим изучение иммунных механизмов развития процессов воспаления верхних дыхательных путей является весьма актуальным и перспективным направлением. Данный обзор посвящен анализу иммунологических механизмов формирования стриктуры трахеи, в котором представлены современные данные об иммунопатогенезе заболевания. Прояснение некоторых патогенетических механизмов иммунного ответа при формировании стриктуры трахеи различного генеза может помочь в выявлении лабораторных маркеров как факторов риска стриктуры трахеи и своевременно предупреждать подобные осложнения.

Cicatricial tracheal stenosis is a fairly common complication that occurs after tracheal intubation or tracheostomy. However, critical tracheal stenosis is a rare case, sometimes not associated with trauma, and is probably due to the peculiarities of the patient’s immune response during the development of stenosis. In this regard, the study of the immune mechanisms of the development of inflammation in the upper respiratory tract is a very relevant and promising direction. This review is devoted to the analysis of the immunological mechanisms of tracheal stricture formation, and presents modern data on the immunopathogenesis of the disease.

Clarification of some pathogenetic mechanisms of the immune response during the formation of tracheal strictures of various origins can help in identifying laboratory markers as risk factors for tracheal stricture and timely prevention of such complications.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.