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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9022</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23934/2223-9022-2022-11-1-119-128</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nmp-1346</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Редкие виды перфораций желудочно-кишечного тракта — диагностика, тактика, лечение</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rare Types of Perforation of the Gastrointestinal Tract — Diagnosis, Tactics, Treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5724-6034</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Благовестнов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Blagovestnov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Благовестнов Дмитрий Алексеевич - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой неотложной и общей хирургии ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО МЗ РФ.</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр.1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Blagovestnov - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Emergency and General Surgery.</p><p>2/1 b. 1, Barrikadnaya Str., Moscow, 123242</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sklifkafedra@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3045-3169</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Копалиани</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kopaliani</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Копалиани Давид Мамукаевич - аспирант кафедры неотложной и общей хирургии ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО МЗ РФ; врач-хирург, отделение неотложной хирургии и оперативной онкологии ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ».</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр.1; 129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>David M. Kopaliani - Postgraduate student of the Department of Emergency and General Surgery of the RMA of Continuous Professional Education; Surgeon of the Department of Emergency Surgery and Operative Oncology of the N.V. Sklifosovsky RIEM.</p><p>2/1 b. 1, Barrikadnaya Str., Moscow, 123242; 3 B. Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow, 107045</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">woody_del@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1270-5414</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ярцев</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yartsev</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ярцев Петр Андреевич - доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры неотложной и общей хирургии ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО МЗ РФ, руководитель отделения неотложной хирургии, эндоскопии и интенсивной терапии ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ».</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр.1; 129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Peter A. Yartsev - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Emergency and General Surgery of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Head of the Department of Emergency Surgery, Endoscopy and Intensive Therapy of the N.V. Sklifosovsky RIEM.</p><p>2/1 b. 1, Barrikadnaya Str., Moscow, 123242; 3 B. Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow, 107045</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">peter-yartsev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6119-6260</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самсонов</surname><given-names>В. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samsonov</surname><given-names>V. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самсонов Владимир Тихонович - кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения неотложной хирургии, эндоскопии и интенсивной терапии ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ».</p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir T. Samsonov - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher of the Department of Emergency Surgery, Endoscopy and Intensive Care of the N.V. Sklifosovsky RIEM.</p><p>3 B. Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow, 107045</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">samsonovvt@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8419-6984</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арутюнова</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Arutyunova</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Арутюнова Виолетта Гургеновна - студентка 6-го курса ФГАОУ ВПО РУДН.</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Violetta G. Arutyunova - The 6th-year student.</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">violetta21.va@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0475-7441</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скукин</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skukin</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Скукин Дмитрий Сергеевич - врач-хирург, хирургическое отделение ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ».</p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry S. Skukin - Surgeon of the Surgical department of the N.V. Sklifosovsky RIEM.</p><p>3 B. Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow, 107045</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sds57@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования МЗ РФ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования МЗ РФ; ГБУЗ Научно-исследовательский институт им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования МЗ РФ; ГБУЗ Научно-исследовательский институт им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for 3 B. Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow, 107045<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ Научно-исследовательский институт им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Российский университет дружбы народов<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>119</fpage><lpage>128</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Благовестнов Д.А., Копалиани Д.М., Ярцев П.А., Самсонов В.Т., Арутюнова В.Г., Скукин Д.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Благовестнов Д.А., Копалиани Д.М., Ярцев П.А., Самсонов В.Т., Арутюнова В.Г., Скукин Д.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Blagovestnov D.A., Kopaliani D.M., Yartsev P.A., Samsonov V.T., Arutyunova V.G., Skukin D.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1346">https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1346</self-uri><abstract><p>Перфорация полого органа — актуальная проблема в абдоминальной хирургии. По данным литературы частота развития перфораций составляет от 0,37 до 2,3% случаев среди различной острой хирургической патологии органов брюшной полости.</p><p>Наибольшее внимание в литературе уделено проблеме перфоративных гастродуоденальных язв. В то же время другим, более редким, видам перфораций посвящено гораздо меньшее количество публикаций, как отечественных, так и зарубежных. Такая ситуация, вероятнее всего, объясняется небольшой распространенностью других видов перфораций, что в свою очередь не делает их менее актуальной проблемой в экстренной хирургии, требующей современного подхода к лечению данной группы пациентов.</p><p>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ Анализ отечественной и зарубежной литературы, посвященной диагностике и лечению редких видов доброкачественных перфораций кишечника.</p><p>МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ Выполнен обзор литературы за период с 1994 по 2020 г. на русском и английском языках, доступной на базах Pubmed, Medline, Springer, Scopus, E-library, по таким темам, как перфоративные дивертикулы тонкой кишки, перфорация дивертикула Меккеля, перфоративные язвы тонкой кишки, перфорация кишки инородным телом.</p><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ При всем разнообразии оперативных методик при различных видах перфораций желудочно-кишечного тракта (ЖКТ), в настоящее время в литературе не определены конкретные критерии выбора того или иного способа вмешательства операции в зависимости от причины, уровня, срока перфорации.</p><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ Отсутствие единых подходов в диагностике и лечении пациентов с редкими перфорациями ЖКТ диктует необходимость более углубленного изучения данного вопроса с целью применения и оптимизации техники видеолапароскопического пособия, разработки лечебно-диагностического алгоритма у больных с подозрением на перфорацию органов ЖКТ с использованием видеолапароскопического метода.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>RATIONALE Hollow organ perforation is an urgent problem in abdominal surgery. According to the literature, the incidence of perforation is from 0.37% to 2.3% of cases among various acute surgical pathologies of the abdominal organs. The greatest attention in the literature is paid to the problem of perforated gastroduodenal ulcers. At the same time, a much smaller number of publications, both Russia and foreign, are devoted to other, more rare types of perforations. This situation is most likely explained by the low prevalence of other types of perforations, which, in turn, does not make them a less urgent problem in emergency surgery, which requires a modern approach to the treatment of this group of patients.</p><p>PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the diagnosis and treatment of rare types of benign intestinal perforations.</p><p>MATERIAL AND METHODS A literature review was performed for the period from 1994 to 2020 in Russian and in English, available on Pubmed, Medline, Springer, Scopus, E-library, on topics such as perforated diverticula of the small intestine, perforation of Meckel’s diverticulum, perforated ulcers of the small intestine, perforation of the intestine by a foreign body. RESUltS With all the variety of surgical techniques for various types of perforation of the gastrointestinal tract, currently in the literature there are no specific criteria for choosing a particular method of intervention with regard to the cause, level, and duration of perforation.</p><p>CONCLUSION The lack of unified approaches in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with rare GIT perforations dictates the need for a more in-depth study of this issue in order to apply and optimize the technique of videolaparoscopic approach, develop a treatment and diagnostic algorithm for patients with suspected perforations of the gastrointestinal tract using the video laparoscopic method.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>перфорация полого органа</kwd><kwd>перфорация кишки</kwd><kwd>инородное тело</kwd><kwd>дивертикулы</kwd><kwd>язвы тонкой кишки</kwd><kwd>болезнь Крона</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hollow organ perforation</kwd><kwd>bowel perforation</kwd><kwd>foreign body</kwd><kwd>diverticula</kwd><kwd>small bowel ulcers</kwd><kwd>Crohn’s disease</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование не имеет спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The study has no sponsorship Affiliations</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Юдин В.А., Кочуков В.П., Мельников А.А., Мельникова И.А., Мокрова А.В. 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