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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9022</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23934/2223-9022-2022-11-1-31-41</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nmp-1337</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль факторов риска при хирургическом лечении геморрагического инсульта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Role of Risk Factor in the Surgical Treatment of Hemorrhagic Stroke</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5847-9435</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дашьян</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dashyan</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дашьян Владимир Григорьевич - доктор медицинских наук, врач-нейрохирург ГБУЗ «НИИ скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ», профессор кафедры нейрохирургии и нейрореанимации ФГБОУ ВО МГМСУ им. А.И. Евдокимова.</p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3; 127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir G. Dashyan - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Neurosurgeon, N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Professor of the Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroresuscitation, A.I. Yevdokimov MSU.</p><p>3 B. Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow, 129090; 20, b. 1 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v485@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8651-9986</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Годков</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Godkov</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Годков Иван Михайлович - кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения нейрохирургии ГБУЗ НИИ скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ.</p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan M. Godkov - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher at the Department of Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine.</p><p>3 B. Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow, 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.godkov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6605-0746</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хамурзов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khamurzov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хамурзов Валерий Альбертович - врач-нейрохирург, нейрохирургическое отделение ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ».</p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3; 127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valery A. Khamurzov - Neurosurgeon, Neurosurgical Department, N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine.</p><p>3 B. Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow, 129090; 20, b. 1 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vkhamurzov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4372-6648</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крячев</surname><given-names>Р. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryachev</surname><given-names>R. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крячев Роман Юрьевич - врач-нейрохирург, нейрохирургическое отделение ГБУЗ НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ.</p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3; 127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman Yu. Kryachev - Neurosurgeon, Neurosurgical Department, N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine.</p><p>3 B. Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow, 129090; 20, b. 1 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">roma.kryachev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3515-8329</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гринь</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гринь Адрей Анатольевич - доктор медицинских наук, руководитель научного отделения неотложной нейрохирургии ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ», профессор кафедры нейрохирургии и нейрореанимации ФГБОУ ВО «МГМСУ им. А.И. Евдокимова».</p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3; 127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Grin - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Scientific Department of Emergency Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Professor of the Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroresuscitation, A.I. Yevdokimov MSU.</p><p>3 B. Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow, 129090; 20, b. 1 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aagreen@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4136-628X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крылов Владимир Викторович - академик РАН, заведующий кафедрой нейрохирургии и нейрореанимации ФГБОУ ВО «МГМСУ им. А.И. Евдокимова», главный научный сотрудник отделения неотложной нейрохирургии ГБУЗ «НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ».</p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3; 127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Krylov - Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroresuscitation, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Chief Researcher of the Department of Emergency Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky RIEM.</p><p>3 B. Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow, 129090; 20, b. 1 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">manuscript@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ; ФГБОУ ВО Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова МЗ РФ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovsky Federal Research Institute of Emergency Medicine; A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovsky Federal Research Institute of Emergency Medicine<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дашьян В.Г., Годков И.М., Хамурзов В.А., Крячев Р.Ю., Гринь А.А., Крылов В.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дашьян В.Г., Годков И.М., Хамурзов В.А., Крячев Р.Ю., Гринь А.А., Крылов В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dashyan V.G., Godkov I.M., Khamurzov V.A., Kryachev R.Y., Grin A.A., Krylov V.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1337">https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1337</self-uri><abstract><p>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ Выявление факторов риска неблагоприятных исходов хирургического лечения больных с геморрагическим инсультом (ГИ).</p><p>МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ Проведен ретроспективный анализ результатов хирургического лечения 500 пациентов, оперированных в НИИ СП им. Н.В. Склифосовского с 1997 по 2020 год по поводу гипертензивных внутримозговых гематом (ВМГ). Средний возраст больных составил 53,1±12,2 года. Мужчин — 335 (67%), женщин — 165 (33%). Уровень сознания до операции соответствовал ясному у 176 (35,2%), оглушению (11–14 баллов по шкале комы Глазго (ШКГ)) — у 258 (53,6%), сопору (9–10 баллов по ШКГ) — у 38 (7,6%), умеренной коме (7–8 баллов по ШКГ) — у 10 (2%), глубокой коме (6 баллов по ШКГ) — у 7 больных (1,4%). ВМГ были лобарными — у 218 пациентов (43,6%), латеральными — у 212 (42,4%), таламическими — у 10 (2%), смешанными — у 10 (2%), мозжечковыми — у 50 (10%). Средний объем ВМГ составил 46,5±25,1 см3, супратенториальных ВМГ — 49,6±24,5 см3 (от 4 до 147 см3), субтенториальных — 18,7±6,4 см3 (от 5 до 36 см3). Средний срок проведения хирургического вмешательства составил 3,3±2,6 суток. Были проведены следующие виды операций: открытое удаление ВМГ — у 271 пациента (54,2%), пункционная аспирация и локальный фибринолиз ВМГ — у 98 (19,6%), эндоскопическая аспирация ВМГ — у 131 больного (26,2%).</p><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ Факторами риска смертельного исхода в хирургии ГИ являются возраст больных старше 50 лет (χ2=13,9, p&lt;0,04), объем ВМГ больших полушарий более 50 см3 (χ2=7,8, p&lt;0,01), суммарный объем ВМГ и перифокального отека более 100 см3 (χ2=9,1, p&lt;0,01), поперечная дислокация срединных структур мозга более 5 мм (χ2=32,2, p&lt;0,0001), аксиальная дислокация мозга (χ2=16,1, p&lt;0,02), систолическое артериальное давление до операции более 160 мм рт.ст. (χ2=21,9, p&lt;0,002), наличие внутрижелудочкового кровоизлияния (χ2=36,9, p&lt;0,00001), открытой окклюзионной гидроцефалии (χ2=28,0, p&lt;0,0001), срок операции — первые сутки после кровоизлияния (χ2=64,4, p&lt;0,00001), остаточный объем ВМГ после операции более 15 см3 (χ2= 4,0, p&lt;0,05) и рецидив ВМГ (χ2=33,1, p&lt;0,00001). Исходы коррелируют с тяжестью состояния больных перед операцией (R=0,38, p&lt;0,00001), а фактором риска смертельного исхода является угнетение сознания до глубокого оглушения и ниже (χ2=97,2, p&lt;0,00001).</p><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ Оценка факторов риска может послужить уточнению прогноза исходов хирургического лечения и оптимизации лечебной тактики.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>AIM OF STUDY To identify risk factors for adverse outcomes of surgical treatment of patients with HS.</p><p>MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of the results of surgical treatment of 500 patients operated on at the N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute from 1997 to 2020 for hypertensive intracerebral hematomas. The mean age of the patients was 53.1±12.2 years. There were 335 (67%) men and 165 (33%) women.</p><p>The level of consciousness before the operation was clear in 176 (35.2%), stupor (11–14 score, GCS) — in 258 (53.6%), sopor (score 9–10, GCS) — in 38 (7.6 %), moderate coma (7–8 score, GCS) — in 10 (2%) patients, deep coma (score 6) — in 7 (1.4%) patients. ICHs were lobar in 218 (43.6%) patients, lateral in 212 (42.4%) patients, thalamic in 10 (2%) patients, mixed in 10 (2%) patients, cerebellar in 50 (10% ) patients. The average volume of ICH was 46.5±25.1 cm3, supratentorial ICH – 49.6±24.5 cm3 (from 4 to 147 cm3), subtentorial — 18.7±6.4 cm3 (from 5 to 36 cm3). The average duration of the surgical intervention was 3.3±2.6 days. The following types of operations were performed: open removal of the ICH in 271 (54.2%) patients, puncture aspiration and local fibrinolysis of the ICH in 98 (19.6%) cases, endoscopic aspiration of the ICG in 131 (26.2%) patients.</p><p>RESULTS The risk factors for lethal outcome in HT surgery are the age of patients older than 50 years (χ2=13.9, p&lt;0.04), the volume of cerebral hemispheres more than 50 cm3 (χ2=7.8, p&lt;0.01), the total volume of ICH and perifocal edema more than 100 cm3 (χ2=9.1, p&lt;0.01), transverse dislocation of the median structures of the brain more than 5 mm (χ2=32.2, p&lt;0.0001), axial dislocation of the brain (χ2=16 ,1, p&lt;0.02), BP before surgery higher than 160 mm Hg (χ2=21.9, p&lt;0.002), presence of IVH (χ2=36.9, p&lt;0.00001), AOH (χ2=28.0, p&lt;0.0001), surgery time — the first day after hemorrhage (χ2=64.4, p&lt;0.00001), residual volume of ICH after surgery more than 15 cm3 (χ2=4.0, p&lt;0.05) and recurrence of ICH (χ2=33.1, p&lt;0.00001). The outcomes correlate with the severity of the patient’s condition before surgery (R=0.38, p&lt;0.00001), and the risk factor for death is the depression of consciousness to deep stupor and below (χ2=97.2, p&lt;0.00001).</p><p>CONCLUSION Assessment of risk factors can help clarify the prognosis of the outcomes of surgical treatment and optimize the treatment tactics of patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>геморрагический инсульт</kwd><kwd>хирургическое лечение</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>срок операции</kwd><kwd>уровень сознания</kwd><kwd>объем ВМГ</kwd><kwd>дислокация мозга</kwd><kwd>артериальное давление</kwd><kwd>рецидив кровоизлияния</kwd><kwd>окклюзионная гидроцефалия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hemorrhagic stroke</kwd><kwd>surgical treatment</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>duration of surgery</kwd><kwd>level of consciousness</kwd><kwd>ICH volume</kwd><kwd>brain dislocation</kwd><kwd>blood pressure</kwd><kwd>recurrent hemorrhage</kwd><kwd>occlusive hydrocephalus</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование не имеет спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The study has no sponsorship Affiliations</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крылов В.В., Дашьян В.Г., Буров С.А., Петриков С.С. 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