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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9022</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23934/2223-9022-2021-10-4-702-711</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nmp-1277</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние ранней диагностики травматических повреждений на развитие легочных осложнений у пострадавших с сочетанной травмой</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Influence of Traumatic Injuries Early Diagnosis on the Development of Pulmonary Complications in Patients With Multisystem Chest Trauma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7088-8645</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Владимирова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vladimirova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, научный консультант отделения торакальной хирургии,</p><p>129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Scientific Consultant of the Department of Thoracic Surgery,</p><p>3 B. Sukharevskaya square, Moscow, 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prizma06@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарабрин</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarabrin</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, заведующий научным отделением торакальной хирургии,</p><p>129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department of Thoracic Surgery,</p><p>3 B. Sukharevskaya square, Moscow, 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tarabrinea@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5798-1407</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Отделение торакальной хирургии, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения лучевой диагностики,</p><p>129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher of the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, </p><p>3 B. Sukharevskaya square, Moscow, 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">popovaie@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7467-189X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меньшикова</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Menshikova</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Отделение торакальной хирургии, кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической микробиологии,</p><p>129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology,</p><p>3 B. Sukharevskaya square, Moscow, 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">menshikovaev@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-2344</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бадыгов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Badygov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Отделение торакальной хирургии, заведующий отделением реанимации и интенсивной терапии для экстренных больных,</p><p>129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Department of Resuscitation and Intensive Care for Emergency Patients,</p><p>3 B. Sukharevskaya square, Moscow, 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">badygovsa@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8980-4931</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кислухина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kislukhina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Отделение торакальной хирургии, научный сотрудник лаборатории организации стационарной неотложной помощи,</p><p>129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Laboratory for Organization of Inpatient Emergency Aid, </p><p>3 B. Sukharevskaya square, Moscow, 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kislukhinaev@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1974-5785</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попкова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popkova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Отделение торакальной хирургии, клинический фармаколог, общеклинический медицинский персонал,</p><p>129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Clinical Pharmacologist, Department of General Clinical Medical Personnel,</p><p>3 B. Sukharevskaya square, Moscow, 129090</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Healthcare Department<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»&#13;
129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Healthcare Department<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Healthcare Department<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>702</fpage><lpage>711</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Владимирова Е.С., Тарабрин Е.А., Попова И.Е., Меньшикова Е.Д., Бадыгов С.А., Кислухина Е.В., Попкова Л.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Владимирова Е.С., Тарабрин Е.А., Попова И.Е., Меньшикова Е.Д., Бадыгов С.А., Кислухина Е.В., Попкова Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vladimirova E.S., Tarabrin E.A., Popova I.E., Menshikova E.D., Badygov S.A., Kislukhina E.V., Popkova L.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1277">https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1277</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Несмотря на имеющийся прогресс в оказании помощи пострадавшим с тяжелой сочетанной травмой с использованием передовых методов диагностики, сохраняется высокий уровень летальности, достигающий 20–30%.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить влияние ранней диагностики и коррекции повреждений груди на развитие осложнений у пострадавших с сочетанной травмой.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Изучены результаты диагностики и лечения 89 пострадавших с тяжелой сочетанной травмой. В соответствии со временем поступления в институт пациенты разделены на две группы: I группа — поступили в институт в первые 3 часа после травмы (51 больной), II — переведены из других лечебных учреждений на 3-и–7-е сутки (38). Компьютерную томографию выполняли как стандартный метод диагностики и контроля за динамикой процесса. При развитии гнойно-воспалительных легочных осложнений проводили бактериологическое исследование бронхоальвеолярного лаважа. Лечебные мероприятия включали в себя комплексную интенсивную терапию, дренирование плевральной полости и при необходимости проведение неотложных хирургических вмешательств.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В I группе ушиб легких был у 43 пациентов (84%), через 7–10 дней очаги ушиба частично регрессировали у 20 пострадавших (46,5%). При разрыве легкого у 8 (16%) инфильтративные изменения легкого разрешались на 18–30-е сутки, при этом у 4 (50%) из них было присоединение пневмонии вне зон контузии. Во II группе пострадавшие поступали на искусственной вентиляции легких, и воспалительные изменения в легких были у 30 больных (79%). Разрыв легкого на фоне ушиба был у 2 (5,2%). При сравнении групп по составу выделенной микрофлоры обнаружено, что у пациентов II группы чаще выделяли Acinetobacter spp. (46,7% против 17,1% у пациентов I группы, p=0,021) и Enterococcus spp. (30,0% и 8,6% соответственно, p=0,058), а также Klebsiella pneumoniae (46,7% и 37,1%, p=0,6). При этом Staphylococcus aureus у данных пациентов не встречался, тогда как его обнаруживали у 14,3% больных из I группы (p=0,09). Медицинскую помощь в I группе осуществляли по принципам «золотого часа»: в течение первого часа от момента поступления пострадавшим с наличием пневмо- и гемоторакса выполняли дренирование плевральной полости. Во II группе этот прием проводили в других лечебных учреждениях и у 5 пострадавших дополнительно в институте.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Ранняя компьютерно-томографическая диагностика сочетанной травмы дает возможность оценить тяжесть повреждений органов груди, других областей тела и определить тактику лечения. Комплексный подход к ведению пострадавших, включающий раннюю диагностику травмы, дренирование плевральной полости, определение тактики ведения, бактериальную оценку отделяемого нижних дыхательных путей, способствует снижению инфекционных осложнений в среднем на 45,46%. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Despite the existing progress in providing care to patients with severe multisystem chest injury using advanced diagnostic methods, a high mortality rate still reaches 20–30%.</p><sec><title>Aim of study</title><p>Aim of study. To assess the impact of early diagnosis and correction of chest injuries on the development of complications in patients with multisystem trauma.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The results of diagnosis and treatment of 89 patients with severe multisystem closed chest injury were studied. According to the time of admission to the Institute, the patients were divided into two groups: Group I, who were admitted to the Institute within the first hours after the injury (51 patients), and Group II, who were transferred from other medical institutions on the 3rd–7th day (38). CT was performed as a standard method of diagnosis and monitoring the dynamics of the process. With the development of purulent-inflammatory pulmonary complications, the bacteriological test of bronchoalveolar lavage was performed. Treatment included complex intensive therapy, drainage of the pleural cavity and emergency surgical interventions, if necessary.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In Group I, lung contusion occurred in 43 (84%) patients, and after 7-10 days, the contusion foci partially regressed in 20 (46.5%) patients. In 8 (16%) patients with lung rupture, infiltrative changes in the lung were resolved on the 18th-30th day, while 4 (50%) of them had pneumonia outside the contusion zones. In Group II, patients were put on a ventilator and inflammatory changes in the lungs were revealed in 30 patients (79%). Lung rupture associated with the contusion was revealed in 2 (5.2%). When comparing the groups by the composition of the isolated microflora, it was found that in patients of group II, Acinetobacter spp was more often found (46.7% vs. 17.1% in group I patients, p=0.021) and Enterococcus spp. (30.0% and 8.6%, respectively, p=0.058), as well as Klebsiella pneumoniae (46.7% and 37.1%, p=0.6). At the same time, Staphylococcus aureus was not found in these patients, while it was detected in 14.3% of patients from Group I (p=0.09). Medical care in Group I was carried out according to the principles of the “golden hour”: within the first hour from the moment of admission to the patients with the presence of pneumothorax and hemothorax, the pleural cavity was drained. In Group II, this procedure was performed in other medical institutions and in 5 additional patients at the Institute.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Early computed tomography diagnosis of multisystem trauma makes it possible to assess the severity of injuries to the chest organs and other areas of the body and determine the treatment tactics. A comprehensive approach to the management of patients, including early diagnosis of trauma, drainage of the pleural cavity, determination of management tactics, bacterial test of the lower respiratory tract discharge, helps reduce infectious complications by an average of 45.46%. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сочетанная травма</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография</kwd><kwd>бактериальный мониторинг</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>осложнения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multisystem breast injury</kwd><kwd>computed tomography</kwd><kwd>bacterial monitoring</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>complications</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кочергаев О.В. Распознавание повреждений легких при сочетанной травме груди. Хирургия. Журнал им. Н.И. Пирогова. 2002;(10):18–23.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kochergaev OV. 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