<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9022</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23934/2223-9022-2021-10-4-676-686</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nmp-1271</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние хлорида лития на летальность и неврологический дефицит при ишемическом инсульте у крыс</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lithium Chloride Effect on Mortality and Neurological Deficits in the Model of Ischemic Stroke in Rats</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9045-6017</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гребенчиков</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grebenchikov</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории органопротекции при критических состояниях, 107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2;</p><p>ведущий научный сотрудник отделения реаниматологии, 129110, Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61, стр. 2</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medicine, Chief Researcher, Laboratory of Organoprotection in Critical Conditions, 25 bldg. 2, Petrovka St., Moscow 107031;</p><p>Leading Researcher, Department of Resuscitation, 61 bldg. 2, Shepkina St., Moscow 129110</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oleg.grebenchikov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0514-2177</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черпаков</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherpakov</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник лаборатории органопротекции при критических состояниях,</p><p>107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Laboratory of Organoprotection in Critical Conditions,</p><p>25 bldg. 2, Petrovka St., Moscow 107031</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zealot333@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0832-3272</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евсеев</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evseyev</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор химических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения общей реанимации,</p><p>129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская площадь, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Chemistry, Leading Researcher of the General Resuscitation Department, </p><p>3 B. Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow, 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anatolevseev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5758-8552</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ершов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ershov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории экспериментальныхисследований, 107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2;</p><p>профессор кафедры патологической физиологии, 119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medicine, Chief Researcher, Laboratory of Experimental Research, 25 bldg. 2, Petrovka St., Moscow 107031;</p><p>Professor of the Department of Pathological Physiology, 8 bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">salavatprof@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5930-0118</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузовлев</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzovlev</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заместитель директора — руководитель НИИ общейреаниматологии им. В.А. Неговского, заведующий кафедрой анестезиологии и реаниматологии ИВДПО,</p><p>107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Deputy Director – Head of V.A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Resuscitation, Head of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, </p><p>25 bldg. 2, Petrovka St., Moscow 107031</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artem_kuzovlev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6215-7447</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лончинский</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lonchinsky</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач анестезиолог-реаниматолог отделения анестезиологии и реанимации,</p><p>115516, Москва, ул. Бакинская, д. 26</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anesthesiologist-resuscitator of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, </p><p>26 Bakinskaya St., Moscow 115516</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Kranium_85@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3292-8789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петриков</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrikov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>член-корр. РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор,</p><p>129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская площадь, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Director, </p><p>3 B. Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow, 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sklif@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3417-2682</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шабанов</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shabanov</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической патофизиологии при критических состояниях, заместитель главного врача по анестезиологии и реаниматологии,</p><p>129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская площадь, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Chief Researcher of the Laboratory of Clinical Pathophysiology in Critical Conditions, Deputy Chief Physician for Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, </p><p>3 B. Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow, 129090</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии»;&#13;
ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology;&#13;
M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovsky Federal Research Institute of Emergency Medicine<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии»;&#13;
ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» МЗ РФ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology;&#13;
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница имени В.М. Буянова ДЗМ»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">V.M. Buyanov Moscow City Clinical Hospital<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>676</fpage><lpage>686</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гребенчиков О.А., Черпаков Р.А., Евсеев А.К., Ершов А.В., Кузовлев А.Н., Лончинский П.А., Петриков С.С., Шабанов А.К., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гребенчиков О.А., Черпаков Р.А., Евсеев А.К., Ершов А.В., Кузовлев А.Н., Лончинский П.А., Петриков С.С., Шабанов А.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grebenchikov O.A., Cherpakov R.A., Evseyev A.K., Ershov A.V., Kuzovlev A.N., Lonchinsky P.A., Petrikov S.S., Shabanov A.K.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1271">https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1271</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Актуальность проблемы ишемического инсульта (ИИ) сложно переоценить в современных условиях. Данные по частоте встречаемости и исходам инсульта, особенно среди лиц молодого возраста, вынуждают искать новые стратегии по минимизации его последствий. Недавние экспериментальные исследования показали выраженные нейро-, кардио- и нефропротективные свойства солей лития.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить влияние хлорида лития на летальность и выраженность когнитивного и неврологического дефицита при ИИ у крыс.</p><p>Материал и методы В работе использовали беспородных крыс самцов массой 312±12,5 г. За основу была взята модель фокальной ишемии Лонга. Животные были разделены на пять групп: ложнооперированные, контроль (модель ИИ с введением хлорида натрия 0,9%) и три группы, в которых моделирование ИИ сочетали с введением хлорида лития (в различных концентрациях (4,2 мг/кг, 21 мг/кг и 63 мг/кг). Ведение препарата осуществляли ежедневно на протяжении 14 дней с параллельной оценкой неврологического дефицита.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. По итогам проведенного эксперимента получили следующие данные в отношении летальности в исследуемых группах: ложнооперированные — 0 из 8, контрольная группа — 13 из 22 (летальность 59%), группа III (хлорид лития, 4,2 мг/кг) — 8 из 14 (летальность 57%), р&gt;0,05 по отношению к контролю, группа IV (хлорид лития, 21 мг/кг) — 6 из 15 (летальность 40%) р&gt;0,05 по отношению к контролю и в группе V (хлорид лития, 63 мг/кг) умерло 4 животных из 15 (летальность 27%) р=0,0317 статистически значимо по отношению к контролю. Хлорид лития в дозах 21 и 63 мг/кг привел к снижению выраженности неврологического дефицита на 2-й день эксперимента. На 15-й день эксперимента различий в степени выраженности неврологических нарушений между анализируемыми группами выявлено не было. Также дозировка 63 мг/кг способствовала лучшей сохранности памяти в ходе оценки когнитивных функций.</p></sec><sec><title>Вывод</title><p>Вывод. Хлорид лития в дозировке 63 мг/кг статистически значимо (p=0,037) снижал летальность и выраженность неврологического дефицита при ишемическом инсульте у крыс по сравнению с контрольной группой. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The relevance of the problem of ischemic stroke is difficult to overvalue in modern terms. The data on the frequency of occurrence and outcomes, especially among young people, force us to look for new strategies to minimize its consequences. Recent experimental studies have shown pronounced neurocardio-nephroprotective properties of lithium salts.</p><sec><title>Aim of study</title><p>Aim of study. To evaluate the effect of lithium chloride on the lethality and severity of cognitive and neurological deficits in the modeling of ischemic stroke in rats.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study used mongrel male rats weighing 312±12.5 g. The model of Longa’s focal ischemia was used as a basis. The animals were divided into 5 groups: false-operated, control (model of ischemic stroke with the introduction of 0.9% NaCl) and three groups with the introduction of lithium chloride in various concentrations (4.2 mg/kg, 21 mg/kg and 63 mg/kg). The drug was administered daily for 14 days with a parallel assessment of neurological deficits.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. According to the results of the experiment, the following data were obtained with respect to lethality in the studied groups: false — operated 0 out of 8, control group — 13 out of 22 (lethality 59%), group 3 (LiCl 4.2 mg/kg) — 8 out of 14 (lethality 57%), p&gt;0.05 with respect to control, group 4 (LiCl 21 mg/kg) — 6 out of 15 (lethality 40%) p&gt;0.05 with respect to control and in group 5 (LiCl 63 mg/kg) — 4 out of 15 animals died (lethality 27%) p=0.0317. Lithium chloride at doses of 21 mg/kg and 63 mg/kg resulted in a decrease in the severity of neurological deficits on the second day of the experiment. On the 15th day of the experiment, there were no differences in the severity of neurological disorders. Also, the dosage of 63 mg/kg contributed to better memory retention during the assessment of cognitive functions.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Lithium chloride at a dosage of 63 mg/kg significantly (p=0.037) reduced the mortality and severity of neurological deficits in the simulation of experimental ischemic stroke in rats compared to the control group. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>литий</kwd><kwd>нейропротекция</kwd><kwd>ишемический инсульт</kwd><kwd>неврологический дефицит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lithium</kwd><kwd>neuroprotection</kwd><kwd>ischemic stroke</kwd><kwd>neurological deficit</kwd><kwd>experimental study</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu W, Zhang X, Chen H, Zhao Z, Zhu M. Prevalence and outcome of young stroke patients with middle cerebral artery stenosis. BMC Neurol. 2021;21(1):99. PMID: 33663425 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-021-02125-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xu W, Zhang X, Chen H, Zhao Z, Zhu M. Prevalence and outcome of young stroke patients with middle cerebral artery stenosis. BMC Neurol. 2021;21(1):99. PMID: 33663425 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-021-02125-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roth GA, Mensah GA, Johnson CO, Addolorato G, Ammirati E, Baddour LM, at al. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990-2019: Update from the GBD 2019 Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;76(25):2982–3021. PMID: 33309175 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.11.010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roth GA, Mensah GA, Johnson CO, Addolorato G, Ammirati E, Baddour LM, at al. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990–2019: Update from the GBD 2019 Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;76(25):2982–3021. PMID: 33309175 https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jacc.2020.11.010</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cucchiara B, Elm J, Easton JD, Coutts SB, Willey JZ, Biros MH at al. Disability After Minor Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack in the POINT Trial. Stroke. 2020;51(3):792–799. PMID: 32078486 https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.027465</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cucchiara B, Elm J, Easton JD, Coutts SB, Willey JZ, Biros MH, at al. Disability After Minor Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack in the POINT Trial. Stroke. 2020;51(3):792–799. PMID: 32078486 https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.027465</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rabinstein A A. Update on Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2020;26(2):268–286. PMID: 32224752 https://doi.org/10.1212/CON.0000000000000840</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rabinstein AA. Update on Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2020;26(2):268–286. PMID: 32224752 https://doi.org/10.1212/CON.0000000000000840</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Muresanu DF, Strilciuc S, Stan A. Current Drug Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke: Challenges and Opportunities. CNS Drugs. 2019;33(9):841–847. PMID: 31512153 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-019-00663-x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Muresanu DF, Strilciuc S, Stan A. Current Drug Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke: Challenges and Opportunities. CNS Drugs. 2019;33(9):841–847. PMID: 31512153 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-019-00663-x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baldessarini RJ, Tondo L, Davis P, Pompili M, Goodwin FK, Hennen J. Decreased risk of suicides and attempts during long-term lithium treatment: a meta-analytic review. Bipolar Disord. 2006;8:625–629. PMID: 17042835 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-5618.2006.00344.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baldessarini RJ, Tondo L, Davis P, Pompili M, Goodwin FK, Hennen J. Decreased risk of suicides and attempts during long-term lithium treatment: a meta-analytic review. Bipolar Disord. 2006;8:625–629. PMID: 17042835 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-5618.2006.00344.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Плотников Е.Ю., Силачев Д.Н., Зорова Л.Д., Певзнер И.Б., Янкаускас С.С., Зоров С.Д. и др. Соли лития – простые, но магические (обзор). Биохимия. 2014;79(8):932–943. PMID: 25365484 https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297914080021</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Plotnikov EY, Silachev DN, Zorova LD, Pevzner IB, Jankauskas SS, Zorov SD, et al. Lithium salts – simple but magic. Biochemistry (Mosc). 2014;79(8):932–943. (In Russ.) PMID: 25365484 https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297914080021</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lan CC, Liu CC, Lin CH, Lan TY, McInnis MG, Chan CH, Lan TH. A reduced risk of stroke with lithium exposure in bipolar disorder: a populationbased retrospective cohort study. Bipolar Disord. 2015;17:705-714. PMID: 26394555 https://doi.org/10.1111/bdi.12336</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lan CC, Liu CC, Lin CH, Lan TY, McInnis MG, Chan CH, Lan TH. A reduced risk of stroke with lithium exposure in bipolar disorder: a populationbased retrospective cohort study. Bipolar Disord. 2015;17:705-714. PMID: 26394555 https://doi.org/10.1111/bdi.12336</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bosche B, Molcanyi M, Rej S, Doeppner TR, Obermann M, Müller DJ at al. Low-Dose Lithium Stabilizes Human Endothelial Barrier by Decreasing MLC Phosphorylation and Universally Augments Cholinergic Vasorelaxation Capacity in a Direct Manner. Front Physiol. 2016;7:593. PMID: 27999548 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2016.00593</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bosche B, Molcanyi M, Rej S, Doeppner TR, Obermann M, Müller DJ at al. Low-Dose Lithium Stabilizes Human Endothelial Barrier by Decreasing MLC Phosphorylation and Universally Augments Cholinergic Vasorelaxation Capacity in a Direct Manner. Front Physiol. 2016;7:593. PMID: 27999548 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2016.00593</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mohammadianinejad SE, Majdinasab N, Sajedi SA, Abdollahi F, Moqaddam M, Sadr F. The effect of lithium in post-stroke motor recovery: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2014;37:73–78. PMID: 24824661 https://doi.org/10.1097/WNF.0000000000000028</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mohammadianinejad SE, Majdinasab N, Sajedi SA, Abdollahi F, Moqaddam M, Sadr F. The effect of lithium in post-stroke motor recovery: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. Clin. Neuropharmacol. 2014;37:73–78. PMID: 24824661 https://doi.org/10.1097/WNF.0000000000000028</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sun YR, Herrmann N, Scott CJM, Black SE, Swartz RH, Hopyan J, et al. Lithium carbonate in a poststroke population: exploratory analyses of neuroanatomical and cognitive outcomes. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2019;39(1):67–71. PMID: 30566418 https://doi.org/10.1097/JCP.0000000000000981</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sun YR, Herrmann N, Scott CJM, Black SE, Swartz RH, Hopyan J, Lanctôt KL. Lithium carbonate in a poststroke population: exploratory analyses of neuroanatomical and cognitive outcomes. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology. 2019;39(1):67–71. PMID: 30566418 https://doi.org/10.1097/JCP.0000000000000981</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hajek T, Weiner MW. Neuroprotective effects of lithium in human brain? Food for thought. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2016;13(8):862–872. PMID: 26892290 https://doi.org/10.2174/1567205013666160219112712</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hajek T, Weiner MW. Neuroprotective effects of lithium in human brain? Food for thought. Current Alzheimer Research. 2016;13(8):862– 872. PMID: 26892290 https://doi.org/10.2174/1567205013666160219112712</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gerhard T, Devanand DP, Huang C, Crystal S, Olfson M. Lithium treatment and risk for dementia in adults with bipolar disorder: Population-based cohort study. Br J Psych. 2015;207(1):46–51. PMID: 25614530 https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.114.154047</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gerhard T, Devanand DP, Huang C, Crystal S, Olfson M. Lithium treatment and risk for dementia in adults with bipolar disorder: Population-based cohort study. British Journal of Psychiatry. 2015;207(1):46–51. PMID: 25614530 https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.114.154047</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kerr F, Bjedov I, Sofola-Adesakin O. Molecular mechanisms of lithium action: switching the light on multiple targets for dementia using animal models. Front Mol Neurosci. 2018;11:297. PMID: 30210290 https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2018.00297</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kerr F, Bjedov I, Sofola-Adesakin O. Molecular mechanisms of lithium action: switching the light on multiple targets for dementia using animal models. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience. 2018;11:297. PMID: 30210290 https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2018.00297</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang Y, An X, Zhang X., Liu J, Wang J, Yang Z. Lithium chloride ameliorates cognition dysfunction induced by sevoflurane anesthesia in rats. FEBS Open Bio. 2019;10(2):251–258. PMID: 31867790 https://doi.org/10.1002/2211-5463.12779</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang Y, An X, Zhang X., Liu J, Wang J, Yang Z. Lithium chloride ameliorates cognition dysfunction induced by sevoflurane anesthesia in rats. FEBS Open Bio. 2019;10(2):251–258. PMID: 31867790 https://doi.org/10.1002/2211-5463.12779</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ren M, Senatorov VV, Chen RW, Chuang DM. Postinsult treatment with lithium reduces brain damage and facilitates neurological recovery in a rat ischemia/reperfusion model. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2003;100(10):6210–6215. PMID: 12732732 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0937423100</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ren M, Senatorov VV, Chen RW, Chuang DM. Postinsult treatment with lithium reduces brain damage and facilitates neurological recovery in a rat ischemia/reperfusion model. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2003;100(10):6210–6215. PMID: 12732732 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0937423100</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yan XB, Wang SS, Hou HL, Ji R, Zhou JN. Lithium improves the behavioral disorder in rats subjected to transient global cerebral ischemia. Behav Brain Res. 2007;27;177(2):282–289. PMID: 17210190 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2006.11.021</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yan XB, Wang SS, Hou HL, Ji R, Zhou JN. Lithium improves the behavioral disorder in rats subjected to transient global cerebral ischemia. Behav Brain Res. 2007;27;177(2):282–289. PMID: 17210190 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2006.11.021</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu Z, Li R, Jiang C, Zhao S, Li W, Tang X. The neuroprotective effect of lithium chloride on cognitive impairment through glycogen synthasekinase-3β inhibition in intracerebral hemorrhage rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 2018;840:50–59. PMID: 30336136 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.10.019</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu Z, Li R, Jiang C, Zhao S, Li W, Tang X. The neuroprotective effect of lithium chloride on cognitive impairment through glycogen synthasekinase-3β inhibition in intracerebral hemorrhage rats. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2018;840:50–59. PMID: 30336136 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.10.019</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Острова И.В., Гребенчиков О.А., Голубева Н.В. Нейропротективное действие хлорида лития на модели остановки сердца у крыс. Общая реаниматология. 2019;15(3):73–82. https://doi.org/10.15360/1813- 9779-2019-3-73-82</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ostrova IV, Grebenchikov OA, Golubeva NV. Neuroprotective Effect of Lithium Chloride in Rat Model of Cardiac Arrest. General Reanimatology. 2019; 15(3):73–82. (in Russ.) https://doi.org/10.15360/1813-9779-2019-3-73-82</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Longa EZ, Weinstein PR, Carlson S, Cummins R. Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion without craniectomy in rats. Stroke. 1989;20(1):84–91. PMID: 2643202 https://doi.org/10.1161/01. str.20.1.84</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Longa EZ, Weinstein PR, Carlson S, Cummins R. Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion without craniectomy in rats. Stroke. 1989; 20 (1):84–91. PMID: 2643202 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.20.1.84</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Altman DG, Bland JM. How to randomize. BMJ. 1999;11(319):703–704. PMID: 10480833 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.319.7211.703</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Altman DG, Bland JM. How to randomize. BMJ. 1999;11(319):703–704. PMID: 10480833 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.319.7211.703</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bland M. An Introduction to Medical Statistics (3rd edition). Oxford Medical Publications. 2000;422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2008.05.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bland M. An Introduction to Medical Statistics (3rd edition). Oxford Medical Publications. 2000;422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2008.05.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moser VC, McDaniel KL, Phillips PM. Rat strain and stock comparisons using a functional observational battery: baseline values and effects of amitraz. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1991;108(2):267–283. PMID: 2017756 https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008x(91)90117-w</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moser VC, McDaniel KL, Phillips PM. Rat strain and stock comparisons using a functional observational battery: baseline values and effects of amitraz. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1991;108(2):267–283. PMID: 2017756 https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008x(91)90117-w</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tilson HA, Cabe PA., Mitchell CL. Behavioral and neurological toxicity of polybrominated biphenyls in rats and mice. Environmental Health Perspectives. 1978;23:257–263. PMID: 209984 https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7823257</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tilson HA, Cabe PA., Mitchell CL. Behavioral and neurological toxicity of polybrominated biphenyls in rats and mice. Environmental Health Perspectives. 1978;23:257–263. PMID: 209984 https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7823257</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Директива 2010/63/EU Европейского Парламента и Совета Европейского Союза по охране животных, используемых в научных целях. URL: https://docplayer.com/49033909-Direktiva-2010-63-euevropeyskogo-parlamenta-i-soveta-evropeyskogo-soyuza.html [Дата обращения 19 ноября 2021 г.]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Direktiva 2010/63/EU Evropeyskogo Parlamenta i Soveta Evropeyskogo Soyuza po okhrane zhivotnykh, ispol’zuemykh v nauchnykh tselyakh. 2012; 48. (in Russ.) Available at: https://docplayer.com/49033909-Direktiva-2010-63-eu-evropeyskogo-parlamenta-i-sovetaevropeyskogo-soyuza.html [Accessed Dec 08, 2021]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morris R. Developments of a water-maze procedure for studying spatial learning in the rat. J Neurosci Methods. 1984;11(1):47–60. PMID: 6471907 https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-0270(84)90007-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morris R. Developments of a water-maze procedure for studying spatial learning in the rat. J Neurosci Methods. 1984;11(1):47–60. PMID: 6471907 https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-0270(84)90007-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Hert SG, Turani F, Mathur S, Stowe DF. Cardioprotection with volatile anesthetics: mechanisms and clinical implications. Anesth. Analg. 2005;100(6):1584–1593. PMID: 15920178 https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ANE.0000153483.61170.0C</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Hert SG, Turani F, Mathur S, Stowe DF. Cardioprotection with volatile anesthetics: mechanisms and clinical implications. Anesth. Analg. 2005;100(6):1584–1593. PMID: 15920178 https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ANE.0000153483.61170.0C</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zuo Z, Tichotsky A, Johns RA. Inhibition of excitatory neurotransmitternitric oxide signaling pathway by inhalational anesthetics. Neuroscience. 1999;93(3):1167–1172. PMID: 10473281 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4522(99)00194-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zuo Z, Tichotsky A, Johns RA. Inhibition of excitatory neurotransmitternitric oxide signaling pathway by inhalational anesthetics. Neuroscience. 1999;93(3):1167–1172. PMID: 10473281 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4522(99)00194-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bickler PE, Fahlman CS. The inhaled anesthetic, isoflurane, enhances Ca2+ dependent survival signaling in cortical neurons and modulates MAP kinases, apoptosis proteins and transcription factors during hypoxia. Anesth Analg. 2006;103(2):419–429. PMID: 16861427 https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000223671.49376.b2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bickler PE, Fahlman CS. The inhaled anesthetic, isoflurane, enhances Ca2+ dependent survival signaling in cortical neurons and modulates MAP kinases, apoptosis proteins and transcription factors during hypoxia. Anesth Analg. 2006;103(2):419–429. PMID: 16861427 https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000223671.49376.b2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Ruijter W, Musters RJP, Boer C, Stienen GJM, Simonides WS, de Lange JJ. The cardioprotective effect of sevofluran depends on protein kinase C aktivation, opening of mitochondrial K(+) (ATP) channels, and the production of reactive oxegen species. Anesth Analg. 2003;97(5):1370–1376. PMID: 14570654 https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000081786.74722.da</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Ruijter W, Musters RJP, Boer C, Stienen GJM, Simonides WS, de Lange JJ. The cardioprotective effect of sevofluran depends on protein kinase C aktivation, opening of mitochondrial K(+) (ATP) channels, and the production of reactive oxegen species. Anesth Analg. 2003; 97 (5): 1370–1376. PMID: 14570654 https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000081786.74722.da</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гребенчиков О.А., Аврущенко М.Ш., Борисов К.Ю., Ильин Ю.В., Лихванцев В.В. Нейропротекторные эффекты севофлурана на модели тотальной ишемии-реперфузии. Клиническая патофизиология. 2014;(2):57–64.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grebenchikov OA, Avrushchenko MSh, Borisov KYu, Il’yin YuV, Likhvantsev VV. Neuroprotective effects of sevoflurane on the total ischemia-reperfusion model. Clinical Pathophysiology. 2014;(2):57–64. (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Juhaszova M, Zorov DB, Kim SH, Pepe S, Fu Q, Fishbein KW, at al. Glycogen syntase kinase3 mediates convergence of protection signaling to inhibit the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. J. Clin. Investig. 2004;113(11):1535–1549. PMID: 15173880 https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI19906</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Juhaszova M, Zorov DB, Kim SH, Pepe S, Fu Q, Fishbein KW at al. Glycogen syntase kinase3 mediates convergence of protection signaling to inhibit the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. J Clin Investig. 2004;113(11):1535–1549. PMID: 15173880 https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI19906</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лихванцев В.В., Гребенчиков О.А., Плотников Е.Ю., Борисов К.Ю., Шайбакова В.Л., Шапошников А.А. и др. Механизмы фармакологического прекондиционирования мозга и сравнительная эффективность препаратов – ингибиторов гликоген-синтетазы-киназы-3 бета прямого и непрямого действия (экспериментальное исследование). Общая реаниматология. 2012;8(6):37–42. https://doi.org/10.15360/1813-9779-2012-6-37</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Likhvantsev VV, Grebenchikov OA, Borisov KYu, Shaibakova VL, Shaposhnikov AA, Cherpakov RA, et al. The Mechanisms of Pharmacological Preconditioning of the Brain and the Comparative Efficacy of the Drugs – Direct- and Indirect-Acting Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β Inhibitors: Experimental Study. General Reanimatology. 2012;8(6):37–42. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.15360/1813-9779-2012-6-37.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ma J, Zhang GY. Lithium reduced N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2A tyrosine phosphorylation and its interactions with Src and Fyn mediated by PSD-95 in rat hippocampus following cerebral ischemia. Neurosci Lett. 2003;348(3):185–189. PMID: 12932824 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3940(03)00784-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ma J, Zhang GY. Lithium reduced N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2A tyrosine phosphorylation and its interactions with Src and Fyn mediated by PSD-95 in rat hippocampus following cerebral ischemia. Neurosci Lett. 2003;348(3):185–189. PMID: 12932824 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3940(03)00784-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bian Q, Shi T, Chuang DM, Qian Y. Lithium reduces ischemia-induced hippocampal ca1 damage and behavioral deficits in gerbils. Brain Res. 2007;1184:270–276. PMID: 18028886 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2007.09.054</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bian Q, Shi T, Chuang DM, Qian Y. Lithium reduces ischemia-induced hippocampal ca1 damage and behavioral deficits in gerbils. Brain Res. 2007;1184:270–276. PMID: 18028886 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2007.09.054</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chalecka-Franaszek E, Chuang DM. Lithium activates the serine/ threonine kinase Akt-1 and suppresses glutamate-induced inhibition of Akt-1 activity in neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1999;96:8745–8750. PMID: 10411946 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8745</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chalecka-Franaszek E, Chuang DM. Lithium activates the serine/ threonine kinase Akt-1 and suppresses glutamate-induced inhibition of Akt-1 activity in neurons. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA. 1999;96:8745–8750. PMID: 10411946 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8745</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Franks NP, Dickinson R, de Sousa SL, Hall AC, Liebet WR. How does xenon produce anaesthesia? Nature. 1998;396(6709):324. PMID: 9845069 https://doi.org/10.1038/24525</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Franks NP, Dickinson R, de Sousa SL, Hall AC, Liebet WR. How does xenon produce anaesthesia? Nature. 1998;396(6709):324. PMID: 9845069 https://doi.org/10.1038/24525</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wilhelm S., Ma D., Maze M., Franks N.P. Effects of xenon on in vitro and in vivo models of neuronal injury. Anesthesiology. 2002;96(6):1485– 1491. PMID: 12170064 https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200206000-00031</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wilhelm S., Ma D., Maze M., Franks N.P. Effects of xenon on in vitro and in vivo models of neuronal injury. Anesthesiology. 2002;96(6):1485– 1491. PMID: 12170064 https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200206000-00031</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nutma S, le Feber J, Hofmeijer J. Neuroprotective Treatment of Postanoxic Encephalopathy: A Review of Clinical Evidence. Front Neurol. 2021;12:614698. PMID: 33679581 https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.614698</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nutma S, le Feber J, Hofmeijer J. Neuroprotective Treatment of Postanoxic Encephalopathy: A Review of Clinical Evidence. Front Neurol. 2021;12:614698. PMID: 33679581 https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.614698</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D’Anna R, Rolf R, Mark C. Update of the organoprotective properties of xenon and argon: from bench to beside. Intensive Care Med Exp. 2020;8(1):11. PMID: 32096000 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40635-020-0294-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D’Anna R, Rolf R, Mark C. Update of the organoprotective properties of xenon and argon: from bench to beside. Intensive Care Med Exp. 2020;8(1):11. PMID: 32096000 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40635-020- 0294-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гребенчиков О.А., Молчанов И.В., Шпичко А.И., Евсеев А.К., Шабанов А.К., Хусаинов Ш.Ж., Петриков С.С. Нейропротективные свойства ксенона по данным экспериментальных исследований. Неотложная медицинская помощь. Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского. 2020;9(1):85–95. https://doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2020-9-1-85-95</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grebenchikov OA, Molchanov IV, Shpichko AI, Yevseyev AK, Shabanov AK, Khusainov SZ, et al. Neuroprotective Properties of Xenon According to Experimental Studies. Russian Sklifosovsky Journal Emergency Medical Care. 2020;9(1):85–95. (in Russ.) https://doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2020-9-1-85-95</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McKnight RF, Adida M, Budge K, Stockton S, Goodwin GM, Geddes JR. Lithium toxicity profile: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Lancet. 2012;379:721–728. PMID: 22265699 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61516-X</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McKnight RF, Adida M, Budge K, Stockton S, Goodwin GM, Geddes JR. Lithium toxicity profile: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Lancet. 2012;379:721–728. PMID: 22265699 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61516-X</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гребенчиков О.А., Лобанов А.В., Шайхутдинова Э.Р., Кузовлев А.Н., Ершов А.В., Лихванцев В.В. Кардиопротекторные свойства хлорида лития на модели инфаркта миокарда у крыс. Патология кровообращения и кардиохирургия. 2019;23(2):43–49. https://doi.org/10.21688/1681-3472-2019-2-43-49</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grebenchikov OA, Lobanov AV, Shayhutdinova ER, Kuzovlev AN, Ershov AV, Likhvantsev VV. Cardioprotective effect of lithium chloride on a rat model of myocardial infarction. Circulation Pathology and Cardiac Surgery. 2019;23(2):43–49 (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21688-1681-3472-2019-2-43-49</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Черпаков Р.А., Гребенчиков О.А., Плотников Е.Ю., Лихванцев В.В. Сравнительная эффективность фармакологического прекондиционирования на основе даларгина и лития на модели гентамициновой нефротоксичности. Анестезиология и реаниматология. 2015; 60(1):58–63. PMID: 26027228</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cherpakov RA, Grebenchikov OA, Plotnikov EJU, Likhvantsev VV. Comparison of Pharmacological Renal Preconditioning with Dalargin and Lithium Ions in the Model of Gentamycin-Induced Acute Renal Failure. Russian Journal of Anaesthesiology and Reanimatology. 2015;60(1):58–63 (In Russ.) PMID: 26027228</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Плотников Е.Ю., Зоров Д.Б., Зорова Л.Д., Певзнер И.Б., Гребенчиков О.А., Лихванцев В.В., и др. Лечение отёков головного и спинного мозга ишемического, травматического токсического и инфекционного генеза с помощью гипертонического раствора солей лития. Евразийский патент № 021560. Выдача от 30.07.2015 URL: https://www.eapo.org/en/publications/publicat/viewpubl.php?id=021560 [Дата обращения 8 декабря 2021 г.]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Plotnikov EJu, Zorov DB, Zorova LD, Pevzner IB, Grebenchikov OA, Likhvantsev VV, et al. Lechenie otekov golovnogo i spinnogo mozga ishemicheskogo, travmaticheskogo toksicheskogo i infektsionnogo geneza s pomoshch’yu gipertonicheskogo rastvora soley litiya. Eurasian Patent No 021560. Publ. 30.07.2015 (In Russ.) Available at: https://www.eapo.org/en/publications/publicat/viewpubl.php?id=021560 [Accessed Dec 08, 2021]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Orellana-Urzúa S, Rojas I, Líbano L, Rodrigo R. Pathophysiology of Ischemic Stroke: Role of Oxidative Stress. Curr Pharm Des. 2020;26(34):4246–4260. PMID: 32640953 https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612826666200708133912</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Orellana-Urzúa S, Rojas I, Líbano L, Rodrigo R. Pathophysiology of Ischemic Stroke: Role of Oxidative Stress. Curr Pharm Des. 2020;26(34):4246–4260. PMID: 32640953 https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612826666200708133912</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
