<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9022</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23934/2223-9022-2021-10-3-511-520</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nmp-1214</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние ксенона на провоспалительную активацию и апоптоз нейтрофилов человека в условиях ex vivo</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of Xenon on Proinflammatory Activation and Apoptosis of Human Neutrophils Under Ex Vivo Conditions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9045-6017</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гребенчиков</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grebenchikov</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории органопротекции при критических состояниях </p><p> Российская Федерация, 107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Chief Researcher of the Laboratory for Organ Protection in Critical Conditions</p><p> 25 building 2 Petrovka St., Moscow 107031, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oleg.grebenchikov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3417-2682</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шабанов</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shabanov</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической патофизиологии при критических состояниях; заместитель главного врача по анестезиологии и реаниматологии </p><p> Российская Федерация, 107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2 </p><p> Российская Федерация, 129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Chief Researcher of the Laboratory of Clinical Pathophysiology In Critical Conditions;  Deputy Chief Physicians for Anesthesiology and Resuscitation</p><p> 25 building 2 Petrovka St., Moscow 107031, Russian Federation </p><p> 3 B. Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aslan_s@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7533-7618</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаев</surname><given-names>Л. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolayev</surname><given-names>L. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии </p><p>Российская Федерация, 125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation</p><p>2/1, building 1 Barrikadnaya St., Moscow 125993, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">llnikolaev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4652-3259</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шпичко</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shpichko</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории органопротекции при критических состояниях </p><p> Российская Федерация, 107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher of the Laboratory for Organ Protection in Critical Conditions</p><p> 25 building 2 Petrovka St., Moscow 107031, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shpichko.a@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1050-1867</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Братищев</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bratishchev</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> врач анестезиолог-реаниматолог, преподаватель учебного отдела </p><p> Российская Федерация, 129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Anesthesiologist-resuscitator, Lecturer of the Educational Department </p><p> 3 B. Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bratischev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9925-1413</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марченко</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marchenko</surname><given-names>L. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник </p><p>Российская Федерация, 123007, Москва, Хорошевское ш., 76А, стр. 4 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Junior Researcher of the State Scientific Center  </p><p>76A, p. 4 Horoshevskoe Sh., Moscow 123007, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">golubajavoda@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3177-8929</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хусаинов</surname><given-names>Ш. Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khusainov</surname><given-names>Sh. Zh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач анестезиолог-реаниматолог, аспирант </p><p> Российская Федерация, 107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2 </p><p> Российская Федерация, 129090, Москва, Б. Сухаревская пл., д. 3 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anesthesiologist-resuscitator, postgraduate student </p><p> 25 building 2 Petrovka St., Moscow 107031, Russian Federation </p><p> 3 B. Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shamilkhusainov1989@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0514-2177</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черпаков</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherpakov</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник лаборатории органопротекции при критических состояниях </p><p> Российская Федерация, 107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher of the Laboratory for Organ Protection in Critical Conditions</p><p> 25 building 2 Petrovka St., Moscow 107031, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zealot333@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3289-6107</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шпичко</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shpichko</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> научный сотрудник лаборатории двигательной реабилитации, восстановления глотания и речи, ассистент кафедры анестезиологии, реаниматологии и интенсивной терапии</p><p> Российская Федерация, 107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2 </p><p> Российская Федерация, 117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Researcher at the Laboratory of Motor Rehabilitation, Swallowing and Speech Recovery, Assistant of the Department of Anesthesiology,  Resuscitation and Intensive Therapy </p><p> 25 building 2 Petrovka St., Moscow 107031, Russian Federation </p><p>6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117198, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shpichkonp@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific and Clinical Center of Resuscitation and Rehabilitation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии»;&#13;
ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific and Clinical Center of Resuscitation and Rehabilitation;&#13;
N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Health Department<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Health Department<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН «Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации – Институт медико-биологических проблем Российской академии наук»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Institute of Biomedical Issues of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии»;&#13;
ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific and Clinical Center of Resuscitation and Rehabilitation;N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Health Department<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии»;&#13;
ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific and Clinical Center of Resuscitation and Rehabilitation;&#13;
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>511</fpage><lpage>520</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гребенчиков О.А., Шабанов А.К., Николаев Л.Л., Шпичко А.И., Братищев И.В., Марченко Л.Ю., Хусаинов Ш.Ж., Черпаков Р.А., Шпичко Н.П., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гребенчиков О.А., Шабанов А.К., Николаев Л.Л., Шпичко А.И., Братищев И.В., Марченко Л.Ю., Хусаинов Ш.Ж., Черпаков Р.А., Шпичко Н.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grebenchikov O.A., Shabanov A.K., Nikolayev L.L., Shpichko A.I., Bratishchev I.V., Marchenko L.Y., Khusainov S.Z., Cherpakov R.A., Shpichko N.P.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1214">https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1214</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Синдром системного воспалительного ответа, лежащий в основе повреждающего действия факторов инфекционного и неинфекционного генеза, может стать причиной полиорганной недостаточности. Степень его выраженности определяется в том числе активацией нейтрофилов. В работе освещены новые механизмы противовоспалительного действия ингаляционного анестетика ксенона, опосредованные снижением способности нейтрофилов к провоспалительной реакции.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить влияние ксенона на активацию нейтрофилов человека в условиях ex vivo.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проведено изучение влияния ингаляции ксенона на снижение способности нейтрофилов к провоспалительной активации путем снижения экспрессии молекул адгезии CD11b и CD66b на поверхности нейтрофилов и на фосфорилирование провоспалительных киназ: ERK1/2 и киназы — р38 в нейтрофилах здоровых добровольцев.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Применение ксенона в дозе 30 об. % в течение 60 минут у здоровых добровольцев статистически значимо снижает способность нейтрофилов к провоспалительной активации. Добавление к среде инкубации нейтрофилов липополисахарида (ЛПС) вызывает их выраженную активацию, статистически значимо увеличивая фосфорилирование ключевых провоспалительных киназ нейтрофилов ERK1/2 и киназы — р38. Ингаляция ксенона у добровольцев (30% в течение 60 минут) обладает выраженным противовоспалительным эффектом на нейтрофилы, стимулированные ЛПС, уменьшая их активацию путем ингибирования провоспалительной киназы ERK1/2 и провоспалительной МАР-киназы р38.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Настоящее исследование, выполненное на выделенных нейтрофилах добровольцев, которым была проведена ингаляция ксенона, выявило противовоспалительные свойства инертного газа ксенона, что, на наш взгляд, может иметь прямое отношение к выявлению механизма его нейропротекторных свойств. Таким образом, имеющиеся на сегодняшний день результаты исследований позволяют предположить, что ксенон имеет выраженный плейотропный механизм защиты головного мозга. Это и частичная блокада NMDA-рецепторов, и фосфорилирование фермента гликогенсинтазы-3β, и ограничение воспалительной активации нейтрофилов.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Ингаляция ксенона у добровольцев (30% в течение 60 минут) обладает выраженным противовоспалительным эффектом на нейтрофилы, стимулированные липополисахаридами, уменьшая их активацию путем ингибирования провоспалительной киназы ERK1/2 и провоспалительной МАРкиназы р38, а также снижая экспрессию маркеров активации и дегрануляции CD11b и CD66b на поверхности нейтрофилов. Стимуляция липополисахаридами статистически значимо уменьшает спонтанный апоптоз нейтрофилов, в то время как ксенон увеличивает способность нейтрофилов к апоптозу, что, вероятно, будет способствовать разрешению воспаления.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. The syndrome of systemic inflammatory response, which underlies the damaging effect of factors of infectious and non-infectious genesis, may cause multiple organ failure. The degree of its severity is determined, among other things, by the activation of neutrophils. The paper highlights new mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory action of the inhalation anesthetic xenon, mediated by a decrease in the ability of neutrophils to pro-inflammatory response.Aim of study. To evaluate the effect of xenon on the activation of human neutrophils under ex vivo conditions.Material AND methods. We studied the effect of xenon inhalation on reduction of the ability of neutrophils to be activated proinflammatory by reduced expression of adhesion molecules CD11b and CD66b on the surface of neutrophils and on the phosphorylation of proinflammatory kinases: ERK 1/2 and kinase — p38 in neutrophils of healthy volunteers.Results. The use of xenon at a dose of 30 vol. % within 60 minutes in healthy volunteers statistically significantly reduces the ability of neutrophils to proinflammatory activation. The addition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to the incubation medium of neutrophils causes their pronounced activation, statistically significantly increasing the phosphorylation of key proinflammatory neutrophil kinases ERK1/2 and kinase p38. Inhalation of xenon in volunteers (30% within 60 minutes) has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect on LPS-stimulated neutrophils, decreasing their activation by inhibiting pro-inflammatory kinase ERK1/2 and pro-inflammatory MAP kinase p38.Conclusion. The actual study, performed on isolated neutrophils from volunteers who underwent xenon inhalation, revealed the anti-inflammatory properties of the inert gas xenon, which, in our opinion, may have a direct relationship to the identification of the mechanism of its neuroprotective properties. Thus, the research results available today suggest that xenon has a pronounced pleiotropic mechanism of brain protection. This is a partial blockade of NMDA receptors, and phosphorylation of the enzyme glycogen synthase-3β, and limitation of the inflammatory activation of neutrophils.Findings. Inhalation of xenon in volunteers (30% within 60 minutes) has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect on neutrophils stimulated by lipopolysaccharides, decreasing their activation by inhibiting proinflammatory ERK 1/2 kinase and proinflammatory MAP kinase p38, as well as reducing the expression of markers of activation and degranulation CD11b and CD66b on the surface of neutrophils. Stimulation by lipopolysaccharides statistically significantly reduces spontaneous apoptosis of neutrophils, while xenon increases the ability of neutrophils to apoptosis, which is likely to contribute to the resolution of inflammation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром системного воспалительного ответа (ССВО)</kwd><kwd>ксенон</kwd><kwd>нейтрофилы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)</kwd><kwd>xenon</kwd><kwd>neutrophils</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Balk RA. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS): Where did it come from and is it still relevant today? Virulence. 2014;5(1):20–26. PMID: 24280933 https://doi.org/10.4161/viru.27135</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Balk RA. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS): Where did it come from and is it still relevant today? Virulence. 2014;5(1):20–26. PMID: 24280933 https://doi.org/10.4161/viru.27135</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cheng Z, Abrams ST, Toh J, Wang SS, Wang Z, Yu Q, et al. The Critical Roles and Mechanisms of Immune Cell Death in Sepsis. Front Immunol. 2020;11:1918. PMID: 32983116 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01918</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cheng Z, Abrams ST, Toh J, Wang SS, Wang Z, Yu Q, et al. The Critical Roles and Mechanisms of Immune Cell Death in Sepsis. Front Immunol. 2020;11:1918. PMID: 32983116 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01918</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alexander JJ, Jacob A, Cunningham P, Hensley L, Quigg RJ. TNF is a key mediator of septic encephalopathy acting through its receptor, TNF receptor-1. Neurochem Int. 2008;52(3):447–456. PMID: 17884256 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2007.08.00</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alexander JJ, Jacob A, Cunningham P, Hensley L, Quigg RJ. TNF is a key mediator of septic encephalopathy acting through its receptor, TNF receptor-1. Neurochem Int. 2008;52(3):447–456. PMID: 17884256 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2007.08.00</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jaffer U, Wade RG, Gourlay T. Cytokines in the systemic inflammatory response syndrome: a review. HSR Proc Intensive Care Cardiovasc Anesth. 2010;2(3):161–175. PMID: 23441054</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jaffer U, Wade RG, Gourlay T. Cytokines in the systemic inflammatory response syndrome: a review. HSR Proc Intensive Care Cardiovasc Anesth. 2010;2(3):161–175. PMID: 23441054</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guisasola MC, Alonso B, Bravo B, Vaquero J, Chana F. An overview of cytokines and heat shock response in polytraumatized patients. Cell Stress Chaperones. 2018;23(4):483–489. PMID: 29101529 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12192-017-0859-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guisasola MC, Alonso B, Bravo B, Vaquero J, Chana F. An overview of cytokines and heat shock response in polytraumatized patients. Cell Stress Chaperones. 2018;23(4):483–489. PMID: 29101529 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12192-017-0859-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schmidt T, Zündorf J, Grüger T, Brandenburg K, Reiners AL, Zinserling J, et al. CD66b overexpression and homotypic aggregation of human peripheral blood neutrophils after activation by a gram-positive stimulus. J Leukoc Biol. 2012;91(5):791–802. PMID: 22319104 https://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.0911483</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schmidt T, Zündorf J, Grüger T, Brandenburg K, Reiners AL, Zinserling J, et al. CD66b overexpression and homotypic aggregation of human peripheral blood neutrophils after activation by a gram-positive stimulus. J Leukoc Biol. 2012;91(5):791–802. PMID: 22319104 https://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.0911483</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Muller Kobold AC, Tulleken JE, Zijlstra JG, Sluiter W, Hermans J, Kallenberg CG, et al. Leukocyte activation in sepsis; correlations with disease state and mortality. Int Care Med. 2000;26(7):883–892. PMID: 10990102 https://doi.org/10.1007/s001340051277</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Muller Kobold AC, Tulleken JE, Zijlstra JG, Sluiter W, Hermans J, Kallenberg CG, et al. Leukocyte activation in sepsis; correlations with disease state and mortality. Int Care Med. 2000;26(7):883–892. PMID: 10990102 https://doi.org/10.1007/s001340051277</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parkos CA, Colgan SP, Madara JL. Interactions of neutrophils with epithelial cells: lessons from the intestine. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1994;5(2):138-152. PMID: 7993993 https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.V52138</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parkos CA, Colgan SP, Madara JL. Interactions of neutrophils with epithelial cells: lessons from the intestine. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1994;5(2):138–152. PMID: 7993993 https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.V52138</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mortaz E, Zadian SS, Shahir M, Folkerts G, Garssen J, Mumby S, et al. Does Neutrophil Phenotype Predict the Survival of Trauma Patients? Front Immunol. 2019;10:2122. PMID: 31552051 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02122</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mortaz E, Zadian SS, Shahir M, Folkerts G, Garssen J, Mumby S, et al. Does Neutrophil Phenotype Predict the Survival of Trauma Patients? Front Immunol. 2019;10:2122. PMID: 31552051 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02122</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pillay J, den Braber I, Vrisekoop N, Kwast LM, de Boer RJ, Borghans JA, et al. In vivo labeling with 2H2O reveals a human neutrophil lifespan of 5.4 days. Blood. 2010;116(4):625–627. PMID: 20410504 https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-01-259028</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pillay J, den Braber I, Vrisekoop N, Kwast LM, de Boer RJ, Borghans JA, et al. In vivo labeling with 2H2O reveals a human neutrophil lifespan of 5.4 days. Blood. 2010;116(4):625–627. PMID: 20410504 https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-01-259028</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yuyun X, Fan Y, Weiping W, Qing Y, Bingwei S. Metabolomic analysis of spontaneous neutrophil apoptosis reveals the potential involvement of glutathione depletion. Innate Immun. 2021;27(1):31–40. PMID: 32910715 https://doi.org/10.1177/1753425920951985</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yuyun X, Fan Y, Weiping W, Qing Y, Bingwei S. Metabolomic analysis of spontaneous neutrophil apoptosis reveals the potential involvement of glutathione depletion. Innate Immun. 2021;27(1):31–40. PMID: 32910715 https://doi.org/10.1177/1753425920951985</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bartels M, Murphy K, Rieter E, Bruin M. Understanding chronic neutropenia: life is short. Br J Haematol. 2016;172(2):157–169. PMID: 26456767 https://doi.org/10.1111/bjh.13798</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bartels M, Murphy K, Rieter E, Bruin M. Understanding chronic neutropenia: life is short. Br J Haematol. 2016;172(2):157–169. PMID: 26456767 https://doi.org/10.1111/bjh.13798</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Collard CD, Park KA, Montalto MC, Alapati S, Buras JA, Stahl GL, Colgan SP. Neutrophil-derived glutamate regulates vascular endothelial barrier function. J Biol Chem. 2002;277(17):14801–14811. PMID: 11847215 https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110557200</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Collard CD, Park KA, Montalto MC, Alapati S, Buras JA, Stahl GL, Colgan SP. Neutrophil-derived glutamate regulates vascular endothelial barrier function. J Biol Chem. 2002;277(17):14801–14811. PMID: 11847215 https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110557200</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kotz KT, Xiao W, Miller-Graziano C, Qian WJ, Russom A, Warner EA, et al. Clinical microfluidics for neutrophil genomics and proteomics. Nat Med. 2010;16(9):1042–1047. PMID: 20802500 https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.2205</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kotz KT, Xiao W, Miller-Graziano C, Qian WJ, Russom A, Warner EA, et al. Clinical microfluidics for neutrophil genomics and proteomics. Nat Med. 2010;16(9):1042–1047. PMID: 20802500 https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.2205</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dorsett CR, McGuire JL, DePasquale EA, Gardner AE, Floyd CL, McCullumsmith RE. Glutamate Neurotransmission in Rodent Models of Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma. 2017;34(2):263–272. PMID: 27256113 https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2015.4373</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dorsett CR, McGuire JL, DePasquale EA, Gardner AE, Floyd CL, McCullumsmith RE. Glutamate Neurotransmission in Rodent Models of Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma. 2017;34(2):263–272. PMID: 27256113 https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2015.4373</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Del Arroyo AG, Hadjihambi A, Sanchez J, Turovsky E, Kasymov V, Cain D, et al. NMDA receptor modulation of glutamate release in activated neutrophils. EBioMedicine. 2019;47:457–469. PMID: 31401196 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.08.004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Del Arroyo AG, Hadjihambi A, Sanchez J, Turovsky E, Kasymov V, Cain D, et al. NMDA receptor modulation of glutamate release in activated neutrophils. EBioMedicine. 2019;47:457–469. PMID: 31401196 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.08.004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">de Sousa SL, Dickinson R, Lieb WR, Franks NP. Contrasting synaptic actions of the inhalational general anesthetics isoflurane and xenon. Anesthesiology. 2000;92(4):1055–1066. PMID: 10754626 https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200004000-00024</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">de Sousa SL, Dickinson R, Lieb WR, Franks NP. Contrasting synaptic actions of the inhalational general anesthetics isoflurane and xenon. Anesthesiology. 2000;92(4):1055–1066. PMID: 10754626 https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200004000-00024</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гребенчиков О.А., Молчанов И.В., Шпичко А.И., Евсеев А.К., Шабанов А.К., Хусаинов Ш.Ж., и др. Нейропротективные свойства ксенона по данным экспериментальных исследований. Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского Неотложная медицинская помощь. 2020;9(1):85–95. https://doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2020-9-1-85-95</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grebenchikov OA, Molchanov IV, Shpichko AI, Yevseyev AK, Shabanov AK, Khusainov SZh, et al. Neuroprotective Properties of Xenon According to Experimental Studies. Russian Sklifosovsky Journal Emergency Medical Care. 2020;9(1):85–95. https://doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2020-9-1-85-95</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Q, Raoof M, Chen Y, Sumi Y, Sursal T, Junger W, et al. Circulating mitochondrial DAMPs cause inflammatory responses to injury. Nature. 2010;464(7285):104–107. PMID: 20203610 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08780</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Q, Raoof M, Chen Y, Sumi Y, Sursal T, Junger W, et al. Circulating mitochondrial DAMPs cause inflammatory responses to injury. Nature. 2010;464(7285):104–107. PMID: 20203610 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08780</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Campos-Pires R, Hirnet T, Valeo F, Ong BE, Radyushkin K, Aldhoun J, et al. Xenon improves long-term cognitive function, reduces neuronal loss and chronic neuroinflammation, and improves survival after traumatic brain injury in mice. Br J Anaesth. 2019;123(1):60–73. PMID: 31122738 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2019.02.032</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Campos-Pires R, Hirnet T, Valeo F, Ong BE, Radyushkin K, Aldhoun J, et al. Xenon improves long-term cognitive function, reduces neuronal loss and chronic neuroinflammation, and improves survival after traumatic brain injury in mice. Br J Anaesth. 2019;123(1):60–73. PMID: 31122738 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2019.02.032</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шпичко А.И., Гребенчиков О.А., Молчанов И.В., Шабанов А.К., Шпичко Н.П., Каданцева К.К. Кардиопротективные свойства ксенона. Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского Неотложная медицинская помощь. 2020;9(2):264–272. https://doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2020-9-2-264-272</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shpichko AI, Grebenchikov OA, Molchanov IV, Shabanov AK, Shpichko NP, Kadantseva KK. Cardioprotective Properties of Xenon. Russian Sklifosovsky Journal Emergency Medical Care. 2020;9(2):264–272. https://doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2020-9-2-264-272</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лихванцев В.В., Скрипкин Ю.В., Гребенчиков О.А., Шапошников Б.А., Мироненко А.В. Механизмы действия и основные эффекты галогенсодержащих анестетиков. Вестник интенсивной терапии. 2013;(3):44–51.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Likhvantsev VV, Skripkin YuV, Grebenchikov OA, Shaposhnikov BA, Mironenko AV. Mekhanizmy deystviya i osnovnye effekty galogensoderzhashchikh anestetikov. Vestnik intensivnoy terapii. 2013;(3):44–51. (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мороз В.В., Лихванцев В.В., Гребенчиков О.А. Современные тенденции в развитии анестезиологии. Общая реаниматология. 2012; 8(4):118–122.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moroz VV, Likhvantsev VV, Grebenchikov OA. Current Trends in the Development of Anesthesiology. General Reanimatology. 2012;8(4):118. (in Russ.) https://doi.org/10.15360/1813-9779-2012-4-118</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мороз В.В., Борисов К.Ю., Гребенчиков О.А., Левиков Д.И., Шайбакова В.Л., Черпаков Р.А., и др. Анестетическое прекондиционирование миокарда и некоторые биохимические маркеры сердечной и коронарной недостаточности после операций аортокоронарного шунтирования. Общая реаниматология. 2013;9(5):29–35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moroz VV, Borisov KYu, Grebenchikov OA, Levikov DI, Shaibakova VL, Cherpakov RA, et al. Anesthetic-Induced Myocardial Preconditioning and Some Biochemical Markers for Cardiac and Coronary Failures after Aortocoronary Bypass Surgery. General Reanimatology. 2013;9(5):29. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.15360/1813-9779-2013-5-29</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гребенчиков О.А., Скрипкин Ю.В., Герасименко О.Н., Каданцева К.К., Бачинский А.Л., Берикашвили Л.Б., Лихванцев В.В. Неанестетические эффекты современных галогенсодержащих анестетиков. Патология кровообращения и кардиохирургия. 2020;24(2):26–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21688/1681-3472-2020-2-26-45</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grebenchikov OA, Skripkin YuV, Gerasimenko ON, Kadantseva KK, Bachinskiy AL, Berikashvili LB, et al. Non-anaesthetic effects of modern halogen-containing anaesthetics. Circulation Pathology and Cardiac Surgery. 2020;24(2):26–45. (In Russ.). http://dx.doi.org/10.21688/1681-3472-2020-2-26-45</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузовлев А.Н., Шпичко А.И., Рыжков И.А., Гребенчиков О.А., Шабанов А.К., Хусаинов Ш.Ж., и др. Влияние ксенона на фосфорилирование киназы гликогенсинтазы-3β и антиоксидантные ферменты в мозге крыс. Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского Неотложная медицинская помощь. 2020;9(4):564–572. https://doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2020-9-4-564-572</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuzovlev AN, Shpichko AI, Ryzhkov IA, Grebenchikov OA, Shabanov AK, Khusainov SZh, et al. Effect of Xenon on the Phosphorylation of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β and Antioxidant Enzymes in Rat Brain. Russian Sklifosovsky Journal Emergency Medical Care. 2020;9(4):564–572. https://doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2020-9-4-564-572</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гребенчиков О.А., Аврущенко М.Ш., Борисов К.Ю., Ильин Ю.В., Лихванцев В.В. Нейропротекторные эффекты севофлурана на модели тотальной ишемии-реперфузии. Клиническая патофизиология. 2014;(2):57–64.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grebenchikov OA, Avrushchenko MSh, Borisov KYu, Il’yin YuV, Likhvantsev VV. Neuroprotective effects of sevoflurane on the total ischemia-reperfusion model. Clinical Pathophysiology. 2014;(2):57–64. (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пирадов М.А., Крылов В.В., Белкин А.А., Петриков С.С. Инсульты. В кн.: Гельфанд Б.Р., Заболотских И.Б. (ред.) Интенсивная терапия. Национальное руководство. Москва: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2017. Гл. 2. с. 288–309.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Piradov MA, Krylov VV, Belkin AA, Petrikov SS. Insul’ty. In: Gel’fand BR, Zabolotskikh IB (eds). Intensivnaya terapiya. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media Publ.; 2017. Ch. 2. pp. 288–309. (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шабанов А.К., Картавенко В.И., Петриков С.С., Марутян З.Г., Разумный П.А., Черненькая Т.В., и др. Тяжелая сочетанная черепномозговая травма: особенности клинического течения и исходы. Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского Неотложная медицинская помощь. 2017;6(4):324–330. https://doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2017-6-4-324-330</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shabanov AK, Kartavenko VI, Petrikov SS, Marutyan ZG, Rozumny PA, Chernenkaya TV, et al. Severe Multisystem Craniocerebral Injury: Features of The Clinical Course and Outcomes. Russian Sklifosovsky Journal Emergency Medical Care. 2017;6(4):324–330. (in Russ.) https://doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2017-6-4-324-330</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
