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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nmp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9022</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23934/2223-9022-2021-10-2-293-302</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nmp-1157</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-анатомическое обоснование доступа к селезеночной и левой почечной венам при операции дистального спленоренального анастомоза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and Anatomical Substantiation of Access to the Splenic and Left Renal Veins in the Operation of Distal Splenorenal Anastomosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4156-434X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анисимов</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anisimov</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой неотложной медицинской помощии симуляционной медицины Института фундаментальной медицины и биологии, 420012, Казань, ул. Карла Маркса, д. 74;</p><p>главный специалист по хирургии, 420103, Казань, ул. Чуйкова, д. 54</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Emergency Medicine and Simulation Medicine, 74, Karl Marx St., Kazan 420012;</p><p>Chief Specialist in Surgery of Kazan City, 54, Chuikov St., Kazan 420103</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aanisimovbsmp@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреев</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreev</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующий отделением хирургии № 4,</p><p>420103, Казань, ул. Чуйкова, д. 54</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Department of Surgery No. 4,</p><p>54, Chuikov St., Kazan 420103</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aandreyi@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0788-9845</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ибрагимов</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ibragimov</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-хирург отделения хирургии № 4,</p><p>420103, Казань, ул. Чуйкова, д. 54</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Surgeon of the Department of Surgery No. 4,</p><p>54, Chuikov St., Kazan 420103</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rinatibr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5323-7226</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анисимов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Аnisimov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>преподаватель кафедры неотложной медицинской помощи и симуляционной медицины Института фундаментальной медицины и биологии,</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Карла Маркса, д. 74</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of the Department of Emergency Medicine and Simulation Medicine,</p><p>74, Karl Marx St., Kazan 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aa_anisimov@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8519-8700</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калимуллин</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalimullin</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-хирург отделения хирургии № 4, </p><p>420103, Казань, ул. Чуйкова, д. 54</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Surgeon of the Department of Surgery No. 4,</p><p>54, Chuikov St., Kazan 420103</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.kia@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт фундаментальной медицины и биологии ФГАОУ ВО «Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет»;&#13;
ГАУЗ «Городская клиническая больница № 7»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of fundamental medicine and biology of Kazan (Volga region) Federal University;&#13;
Municipal Clinical Hospital № 7<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГАУЗ «Городская клиническая больница № 7»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Municipal Clinical Hospital № 7<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт фундаментальной медицины и биологии ФГАОУ ВО «Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of fundamental medicine and biology of Kazan (Volga region) Federal University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>293</fpage><lpage>302</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Анисимов А.Ю., Андреев А.И., Ибрагимов Р.А., Анисимов А.А., Калимуллин И.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Анисимов А.Ю., Андреев А.И., Ибрагимов Р.А., Анисимов А.А., Калимуллин И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Anisimov A.Y., Andreev A.I., Ibragimov R.A., Аnisimov A.A., Kalimullin I.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1157">https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/1157</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Разработка в анатомическом эксперименте методики операционного доступа к селезеночной и левой почечной венам при операции дистального спленоренального шунтирования с обоснованием возможности ее успешного применения в клинических условиях.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В условиях анатомического эксперимента на 40 нефиксированных трупах взрослых людей обоего пола были изучены объективные объемно-пространственные показатели в операционных ранах при двух вариантах экспозиции сосудов забрюшинного пространства как первого этапа выполнения дистального спленоренального анастомоза. В клинических условиях у 40 пациентов с портальной гипертензией различного генеза во время операции дистального спленоренального анастомоза широкую экспозицию передней поверхности поджелудочной железы, селезеночной, левой почечной вен и большинства их ветвей выполнили по оригинальной методике частичной левосторонней медиальной висцеральной ротации с последующей объективной оценкой объемно-пространственных показателей доступа. Измерения проводили с помощью медицинского угломера по отношению к мобилизованным участкам левой почечной и селезеночной вен. Статистическую обработку результатов исследования провели методом вариационной статистики. Для выявления статистически значимых различий применили t-критерий Стъюдента для несвязанных выборок.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Разработана оригинальная методика интраоперационного доступа к селезеночной и левой почечной венам при операции дистального спленоренального шунтирования поднятием внутренних органов левого фланка брюшной полости с задней брюшной стенки и отведением их вправо. В анатомическом эксперименте при оригинальном способе частичной левосторонней медиальной висцеральной ротации все показатели были лучше (глубина раны — меньше, а углы операционного действия и наклонения оси операционного действия — больше), чем при классическом варианте интраоперационного подхода из внутрибрюшинного доступа через поперечный разрез в брыжейке поперечной ободочной кишки. Ни в одном из 40 клинических наблюдений, несмотря на различные варианты сосудистой архитектоники и различные антропометрические показатели пациентов, не было ни одного вынужденного отказа от дистального спленоренального шунтирования, ни одного непреднамеренного повреждения как самих сосудов, так и поджелудочной железы, и ни одного специфического осложнения, связанного с выполнением предлагаемого операционного подхода к сосудам левого забрюшинного пространства, в том числе повреждения селезенки и ишемии нисходящей ободочной кишки.</p></sec><sec><title>Вывод</title><p>Вывод. Предлагаемый вариант операционного доступа к селезеночной, левой почечной венам и их притокам на первом этапе выполнения дистального спленоренального анастомоза у больных с портальной гипертензией различного генеза обеспечивает удобные объемно-пространственные отношения в операционной ране; создает комфортные условия для выполнения основного оперативного этапа — наложения сосудистого анастомоза; обладает минимальным риском развития специфических осложнений, связанных с подходом к сосудам левого забрюшинного пространства. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim of study</title><p>Aim of study. Development in an anatomical experiment of a technique for operative access to the splenic and left renal veins during distal splenorenal bypass surgery with justification of the possibility of its successful application in clinical conditions.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. In the conditions of an anatomical experiment on 40 unfixed corpses of adults of both genders, objective volumetric and spatial indicators in surgical wounds were studied in two variants of exposure of retroperitoneal space vessels, as the first stage of distal splenorenal anastomosis. In clinical conditions in 40 patients with portal hypertension of various genesis, during the operation of distal splenorenal anastomosis, the wide exposure of the anterior surface of the pancreas, spleen, left renal veins and most of their branches was performed using the original method of partial left — sided medial visceral rotation, followed by an objective assessment of the volume-spatial parameters of access. Measurements were performed using a medical goniometer in relation to the mobilized areas of the left renal and splenic veins. Statistical processing of the study results was carried out using the method of variation statistics. To identify statistically significant differences, the Student’s t-test was used for disjoint samples.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. An original method of operative access to the splenic and left renal veins was developed during the operation of distal splenorenal bypass by lifting the internal organs of the left flank of the abdominal cavity from the posterior abdominal wall and diverting them to the right. In the anatomical experiment in the original method of partial left-sided medial visceral rotation, all indicators were better (depth of the wound is less and the angles of operative activity and the inclination of the axis of operative activity — larger) than with a classic approach of intraoperative intraperitoneal access via transverse incision in the mesentery of the transverse colon. Despite the various variants of vascular architectonics and various anthropometric indicators of patients, there were no any forced refusal of distal splenorenal bypass surgery or unintentional damage to both the vessels themselves and the pancreas, specific complications associated with the implementation of the proposed operative approach to the vessels of the left retroperitoneal space, including damage to the spleen and ischemia of the descending colon, in any of 40 clinical cases.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The suggested option of operative access to the splenic, left renal veins and their branches at the first stage of performing distal splenorenal anastomosis in patients with portal hypertension of various genesis provides convenient spatial relations in the operating wound; creates comfortable conditions for performing the main surgical technique — applying vascular anastomosis; has a minimal risk of developing specific complications associated with the approach to the vessels of the left retroperitoneal space. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>портальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>хирургическое лечение</kwd><kwd>дистальный спленоренальный анастомоз</kwd><kwd>анатомический эксперимент</kwd><kwd>операционный доступ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>portal hypertension</kwd><kwd>surgical treatment</kwd><kwd>distal splenorenal anastomosis</kwd><kwd>anatomical experiment</kwd><kwd>operative access</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Whipple AO. 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